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If you would like to learn more about the language characteristics see the article [[Finnish Language Characteristics|Finnish Language Characteristics]].  
If you would like to learn more about the language characteristics see the article [[Finnish Language Characteristics|Finnish Language Characteristics]].  


==== Alphabetical Order ====
== Alphabetical Order ==


Written Finnish uses three letters in addition to the twenty-six letters used in the English alphabet: ä, ö, and for Swedish names, å. Finnish dictionaries and indexes, this word list, and the Locality Search of the FamilySearch CatalogLook this term up in the glossary. all use the following alphabetical order:  
Written Finnish uses three letters in addition to the twenty-six letters used in the English alphabet: ä, ö, and for Swedish names, å. Finnish dictionaries and indexes, this word list, and the Locality Search of the FamilySearch Catalog. Look this term up in the glossary. all use the following alphabetical order:  


a   b   c   d   e   f   g   h   i   j   k   l   m   n   o   p   q   r   s   t   u   v   w   x   y   z   å   ä  ö  
a   b   c   d   e   f   g   h   i   j   k   l   m   n   o   p   q   r   s   t   u   v   w   x   y   z   å   ä ö  


The letters v and w are frequently alphabetized as the same letter.  
The letters v and w are frequently alphabetized as the same letter.
 
<br>
 
==== Key Words  ====


== Key Words ==
To find and use specific types of Finnish records, you will need to know some key words in Finnish. This section gives key genealogical terms in English and the Finnish words with the same or similar meanings.  
To find and use specific types of Finnish records, you will need to know some key words in Finnish. This section gives key genealogical terms in English and the Finnish words with the same or similar meanings.  


For example, in the first column you will find the English word marriages. In the second column you will find Finnish words with meanings such as marry, marriage, wedding, wedlock, unite, legitimate, joined,and other words used in Finnish records to indicate marriage.  
For example, in the first column you will find the English word "marriages". In the second column you will find Finnish words with meanings such as marry, marriage, wedding, wedlock, unite, legitimate, joined,and other words used in Finnish records to indicate marriage.  


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=== General Word List  ===
== General Word List  ==


This general word list includes words commonly seen in genealogical sources. Numbers, months, and days of the week are listed both here and in separate sections that follow this list.  
This general word list includes words commonly seen in genealogical sources. Numbers, months, and days of the week are listed both here and in separate sections that follow this list.  
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In this list, optional versions of Finnish words or variable endings are given in parentheses. Parentheses in the English column clarify the meaning.<br>  
In this list, optional versions of Finnish words or variable endings are given in parentheses. Parentheses in the English column clarify the meaning.<br>  


'''A''' <br>
===A===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"  
! Finnish !! English
|-
| aamu || morning
| aamu || morning
|-
|-
Line 208: Line 207:
|}
|}


'''D''' <Br>
===D===
|  
{| class="wikitable"
|
! Finnish !! English
|-
|-
| deltiseppä
| peltiseppä || tinner, tinsmith
|  
|}
| tinner, tinsmith
 
===E===
{| class="wikitable"
! Finnish !! English
|-
|-
| <br>
| edellinen || former, preceding, previous
|  
|  
|-
|-
| '''E'''
| edellä mainittu || above mentioned
|  
|  
|-
|-
| edellinen
| edesmennyt || deceased (adjective)
|  
| former, preceding, previous
|-
|-
| edellämainittu
| edessä || in front of
|  
| above mentioned
|-
|-
| edesmennyt
| Eesti, Viro || Estonia
|  
| deceased (adjective)
|-
|-
| edessä
| eestilänen || Estonian
|  
| in front of
|-
|-
| Eesti
| ehkä || perhaps
|  
| Estonia
|-
|-
| eestilänen
| ehtoo || evening, eve
|  
| Estonian
|-
|-
| ehkä
| ei || no, not
|  
| perhaps
|-
|-
| ehtoo
| ei koskaan || never
|  
| evening, eve
|-
|-
| ei
| eilen || yesterday
|  
| no, not
|-
|-
| ei koskaan
| ei mitään || nothing
|  
| never
|-
|-
| eilen
| ei vielä || not yet
|  
| yesterday
|-
|-
| eimitään
| eläkkeellä oleva || pensioned, retired
|  
| nothing
|-
|-
| ei vielä
| eli || lived, or
|  
| not yet
|-
|-
| ekäkkeellä oleva
| elokuu || August
|  
| pensioned, retired
|-
|-
| eli
| eloonjäänyt || surviving, survivor
|  
| lived, or
|-
|-
| elokuu
| elossa || alive
|  
| August
|-
|-
| eloonjäänyt
| eläke || pension
|  
| surviving, survivor
|-
|-
| elossa
| eläkeläinen || pensioned person
|  
| alive
|-
|-
| eläke
| elämäkerta || biography
|  
| pension
|-
|-
| eläkeläinen
| elää || to live, living, alive
|  
| pensioned person
|-
|-
| elämäkerta
| ennen || before
|  
| biography
|-
|-
| elää
| eno || uncle (maternal)
|  
| to live, living, alive
|-
|-
| ennen
| ensimmäinen || first
|  
| before
|-
|-
| eno
| ent. (entinen) || former, previous
|  
| uncle (maternal)
|-
|-
| ensimmäinen
| erikoistuomioistuimia || special courts
|  
| first
|-
|-
| ent. (entinen)
| erilainen || various
|  
| former, previous
|-
|-
| erikoistuomioistuimia
| ero(nnut) || divorce(d)
|  
| special court records
|-
|-
| erilainen
| erotettu (kirkosta) || excommunicated (from the church)
|  
| various
|-
|-
| ero(nnut)
| esi-isä || ancestor
|  
| divorce(d)
|-
|-
| erotettu (kirkosta)
| esikoinen || firstborn
|  
| excommunicated (from the church)
|-
|-
| esi-isä
| esivanhemmat || ancestors
|  
| ancestor
|-
|-
| esikoinen
| esteettömyystodistukset || certificates attesting freedom from liability
|  
| firstborn
|-
|-
| esivanhemmat
| esteetön || free of liability, unhindered (to travel, marry, etc.)
|  
| ancestors
|-
|-
| esteettömyystodistukset
| etelä || south
|  
| certificates attesting freedom from liability
|-
|-
| esteetön
| että || that
|  
| free of liability, unhindered (to travel, marry, etc.)
|-
|-
| etelä
| etunimi || given name
|  
|}
| south
 
===F===
{| class="wikitable"
! Finnish !! English
|-
|-
| että
| folio || page
|  
|}
| that
 
===H===
{| class="wikitable"
! Finnish !! English
|-
|-
| etunimi
| hakemisto || register, index
|  
| given name
|-
|-
| <br>
| hallitus || government, administration
|  
|  
|-
|-
| '''F'''
| halvaus || stroke, paralysis
|  
|  
|-
|-
| folio
| hampaiden puhkeaminen || teething
|  
| page
|-
|-
| <br>
| harjoittelija || apprentice
|  
|  
|-
|-
| '''H'''
| hattumaakari || hatmaker
|  
|  
|-
|-
| hakemisto
| hatuntekijä || hatmaker
|  
| register, index
|-
|-
| hallitus
| hauda(ta) (-ttu) || bury, buried
|  
| government, administration
|-
|-
| halvaus
| hauraus || weakness of old age
|  
| stroke, paralysis
|-
|-
| hampaiden puhkeaminen
| hauta || grave
|  
| teething
|-
|-
| harjoittelija
| hautajaiset || funeral
|  
| apprentice
|-
|-
| hattumaakari
| hautaus(toimitus) || funeral
|  
| hatmaker
|-
|-
| hatuntekijä
| hautausmaa || cemetery
|  
| hatmaker
|-
|-
| hauda(ta) (-ttu)
| he || they
|  
| bury, buried
|-
|-
| hauraus
| heidän || their, theirs
|  
| weakness of old age
|-
|-
| hauta
| heikkous || weakness (of old age)
|  
| grave
|-
|-
| hautajaiset
| heimo || tribe, clan, family
|  
| funeral
|-
|-
| hautaus(toimitus)
| heinäkuu || July
|  
| funeral
|-
|-
| hautausmaa
| helmikuu || February
|  
| cemetery
|-
|-
| he
| hengenahdistus || shortness of breath
|  
| they
|-
|-
| heidän
| henkikirja || tax list, census
|  
| their, theirs
|-
|-
| heikkous
| henkikirjoitus || census
|  
| weakness (of old age)
|-
|-
| heimo
| henkilö || person
|  
| tribe, clan, family
|-
|-
| heinäkuu
| henkilöhakemisto || name index
|  
| July
|-
|-
| helmikuu
| henkilötiedot || personal data
|  
| February
|-
|-
| hengenahdistus
| herra || Mr., sir
|  
| shortness of breath
|-
|-
| henkikirja
| Herran ehtoollinen || communion
|  
| tax list, census
|-
|-
| henkikirjoitus
| herrasväki || gentry, Mr. and Mrs.
|  
| census
|-
|-
| henkilö
| herttua || duke
|  
| person
|-
|-
| henkilöhakemisto
| herttuakunta || duchy
|  
| name index
|-
|-
| henkilötiedot
| herttuatar || duchess
|  
| personal data
|-
|-
| herra
| heti || right away, immediately
|  
| Mr., sir
|-
|-
| Herran ehtoollinen
| hiippakunta || diocese
|  
| communion
|-
|-
| herrasväki
| hinkuyskä || whooping cough
|  
| gentry, Mr. and Mrs.
|-
|-
| herttua
| historia || history
|  
| duke
|-
|-
| herttuakunta
| historiakirjat || births, marriages, deaths and moving in /out
|  
| duchy
|-
|-
| herttuatar
| holhokki || minor person under legal guardianship
|  
| duchess
|-
|-
| heti
| holhooja || guardian
|  
| right away, immediately
|-
|-
| hiippakunta
| holhous || guardianship
|  
| diocese
|-
|-
| hinkuyskä
| hopeaseppä || silversmith
|  
| whooping cough
|-
|-
| historia
| hovioikeus || court of appeals
|  
| history
|-
|-
| historiakirjat
| hautajaiset || burial
|  
| births, marriages, and deaths
|-
|-
| holhokki
| huhtikuu || April
|  
| minor person under legal guardianship
|-
|-
| holhooja
| hukkunut || drowned, lost
|  
| guardian
|-
|-
| holhous
| huomautuksia || remarks
|  
| guardianship
|-
|-
| hopeaseppä
| huomautus || remark
|  
| silversmith
|-
|-
| hovioikeus
| huomenna || tomorrow
|  
| court of appeals
|-
|-
| huatajaiset
| huonekalupuuseppä || cabinetmaker, furniture maker
|  
| burial
|-
|-
| huhtikuu
| huora || whore
|  
| April
|-
|-
| hukkunut
| husaari || light cavalryman
|  
| drowned, lost
|-
|-
| huomautuksia
| huutolainen || pauper receiving his sustenance from the parish
|  
| remarks
|-
|-
| huomautus
| huutolaislapsi || pauper child receiving his sustenance from the parish
|  
| remark
|-
|-
| huomenna
| hyvä || good
|  
| tomorrow
|-
|-
| huonekalupuuseppä
| hän || he, she
|  
| cabinetmaker, furniture maker
|-
|-
| huora
| hänen || his, her, hers
|  
| whore
|-
|-
| husaari
| hätäkaste || emergency baptism
|  
| light cavalryman
|-
|-
| huutolainen
| hääpäivä || wedding day, date
|  
| pauper receiving his sustenance from the parish
|-
|-
| huutolaislapsi
| häät || wedding
|  
|}
| pauper child receiving his sustenance from the parish
 
===I===
{| class="wikitable"
! Finnish !! English
|-
|-
| hyvä
| ikä || age
|  
| good
|-
|-
| hän
| ikäkirjat || church census
|  
| he, she
|-
|-
| hänen
| illalla || in the evening
|  
| his, her, hers
|-
|-
| hätäkaste
| ilman || without
|  
| emergency baptism
|-
|-
| hääpäivä
| ilmoittaa || to declare
|  
| wedding day, date
|-
|-
| häät
| ilta || evening
|  
|  
|-
|-
| <br>
| iltapäivä || afternoon
|  
|  
|-
|-
| '''I'''
| iltapäivällä || in the afternoon
|  
|  
|-
|-
| ikä
| inventaario || inventory
|  
| age
|-
|-
| ikäkirjat
| irtolainen || vagabond
|  
| church census
|-
|-
| illalla
| iso || large, big, great
|  
| in the evening
|-
|-
| ilman
| iso-iso-isä || great-grandfather
|  
| without
|-
|-
| ilmoittaa
| iso-iso-äiti || great-grandmother
|  
| to declare
|-
|-
| ilta
| isoisä || grandfather
|  
| evening
|-
|-
| iltapäivä
| isorokko || smallpox
|  
| afternoon
|-
|-
| iltapäivällä
| isovanhemmat || grandparents
|  
| in the afternoon
|-
|-
| inventaario
| isoäiti || grandmother
|  
| inventory
|-
|-
| irtolainen
| isä || father
|  
| vagabond
|-
|-
| iso
| isänisä || grandfather (paternal)
|  
| large, big, great
|-
|-
| iso-iso-isä
| isäntä || proprietor, host, landlord, farmer
|  
| great-grandfather
|-
|-
| iso-iso-äiti
| isänäiti || grandmother (paternal)
|  
| great-grandmother
|-
|-
| isoisä
| isäpuoli || stepfather
|  
| grandfather
|-
|-
| isorokko
| isätön || fatherless
|  
| smallpox
|-
|-
| isovanhemmat
| itse || self
|  
| grandparents
|-
|-
| isoäiti
| itsellinen || tenant farmer
|  
| grandmother
|-
|-
| isä
| itä || east
|  
| father
|-
|-
| isänisä
| iäkäs || aged
|  
|}
| grandfather (paternal)
 
===J===
{| class="wikitable"
! Finnish !! English
|-
|-
| isäntä
| ja || and
|  
| proprietor, host, landlord, farmer
|-
|-
| isänäiti
| jalkavaimo || concubine
|  
| grandmother (paternal)
|-
|-
| isäpuoli
| jalkaväki || infantry
|  
| stepfather
|-
|-
| isätön
| johto || administration, leadership
|  
| fatherless
|-
|-
| itse
| joka || which, who, every
|  
| self
|-
|-
| itsellinen
| jokainen || each, every
|  
| tenant farmer
|-
|-
| itä
| jokavuotuinen || annual
|  
| east
|-
|-
| iäkäs
| joki || river
|  
| aged
|-
|-
| <br>
| joskus [1890] luvulla || sometime in the [1890s]
|  
|  
|-
|-
| '''J'''
| josta || from which
|  
|  
|-
|-
| ja
| joten || thus
|  
| and
|-
|-
| jalkavaimo
| joulu || Christmas
|  
| concubine
|-
|-
| jalkaväki
| joulukuu || December
|  
| infantry
|-
|-
| johto
| julistettu (kuolleeksi) || declared (dead)
|  
| administration, leadership
|-
|-
| joka
| juomanpanija || brewer
|  
| which, who, every
|-
|-
| jokainen
| juoppous || intoxication
|  
| each, every
|-
|-
| jokavuotuinen
| jälkeen || after
|  
| annual
|-
|-
| joki
| jälkeenjäänyt || surviving, survivor, retarded
|  
| river
|-
|-
| joskus [1890] luvulla
| jälkeläinen || descendant
|  
| sometime in the [1890s]
|-
|-
| josta
| jälkimmäinen || latter, last
|  
| from which
|-
|-
| joten
| jalkinekorjaaja || shoemaker
|  
| thus
|-
|-
| joulu
| järvi || lake
|  
| Christmas
|-
|-
| joulukuu
| jäsen(enä) || (as a) member
|  
| December
|-
|-
| julistettu (kuolleeksi)
| jäänyt || left, remaining
|  
|}
| declared (dead)
 
===K===
{| class="wikitable"
! Finnish !! English
|-
|-
| juomanpanija
| k. (kuollut) || dead
|  
| brewer
|-
|-
| juoppous
| kaatumatauti || epilepsy
|  
| intoxication
|-
|-
| jälkeen
| kado(ta) (-nnut) || lose, lost
|  
| after
|-
|-
| jälkeenjäänyt
| kahdeksan || eight
|  
| surviving, survivor, retarded
|-
|-
| jälkeläinen
| kahdeksantoista || eighteen
|  
| descendant
|-
|-
| jälkimmäinen
| kahdeksas || eighth
|  
| latter, last
|-
|-
| jalkinekorjaaja
| kahdeksastoista || eighteenth
|  
| shoemaker
|-
|-
| järvi
| kahdeskymmenes || twentieth
|  
| lake
|-
|-
| jäsen(enä)
| kahdeskymmenesensimmäinen || twenty-first
|  
| (as a) member
|-
|-
| jäänyt
| kahdeskymmeneskahdeksas || twenty-eighth
|  
| left, remaining
|-
|-
| <br>
| kahdeskymmeneskolmas || twenty-third
|  
|  
|-
|-
| '''K'''
| kahdeskymmeneskuudes || twenty-sixth
|  
|  
|-
|-
| k. (kuollut)
| kahdeskymmenesneljäs || twenty-fourth
|  
| dead
|-
|-
| kaatumatauti
| kahdeskymmenesseitemäs || twenty-seventh
|  
| epilepsy
|-
|-
| kado(ta) (-nnut)
| kahdeskymmenestoinen || twenty-second
|  
| lose, lost
|-
|-
| kahdeksan
| kahdeskymmenesviides || twenty-fifth
|  
| eight
|-
|-
| kahdeksantoista
| kahdeskymmenesyhdeksäs || twenty-ninth
|  
| eighteen
|-
|-
| kahdeksas
| kahdestoista || twelfth
|  
| eighth
|-
|-
| kahdeksastoista
| kaikki || all
|  
| eighteenth
|-
|-
| kahdeskymmenes
| kaima || namesake
|  
| twentieth
|-
|-
| kahdeskymmenes-ensimmäinen
| kaivos || mine
|  
| twenty-first
|-
|-
| kahdeskymmenes-kahdeksas
| kaivostyöläinen || miner
|  
| twenty-eighth
|-
|-
| kahdeskymmenes-kolmas
| kaksi || two
|  
| twenty-third
|-
|-
| kahdeskymmenes-kuudes
| kaksikymmentä || twenty
|  
| twenty-sixth
|-
|-
| kahdeskymmenes-neljäs
| kaksikymmentäkahdeksan || twenty-eight
|  
| twenty-fourth
|-
|-
| kahdeskymmenes-seitemäs
| kaksikymmentäkaksi || twenty-two
|  
| twenty-seventh
|-
|-
| kahdeskymmenes-toinen
| kaksikymmentäkolme || twenty-three
|  
| twenty-second
|-
|-
| kahdeskymmenes-viides
| kaksikymmentäkuusi || twenty-six
|  
| twenty-fifth
|-
|-
| kahdeskymmenes-yhdeksäs
| kaksikymmentäneljä || twenty-four
|  
| twenty-ninth
|-
|-
| kahdestoista
| kaksikymmentäseitsemän || twenty-seven
|  
| twelfth
|-
|-
| kaikki
| kaksikymmentäviisi || twenty-five
|  
| all
|-
|-
| kaima
| kaksikymmentäyhdeksän || twenty-nine
|  
| namesake
|-
|-
| kaivos
| kaksikymmentäyksi || twenty-one
|  
| mine
|-
|-
| kaivostyöläinen
| kaksitoista || twelve
|  
| miner
|-
|-
| kaksi
| kakso(nen) (-set) || twin(s)
|  
| two
|-
|-
| kaksikymmentä
| kaksoiskappale || duplicate record
|  
| twenty
|-
|-
| kaksikymmentä-kahdeksan
| kalastaja || fisherman
|  
| twenty-eight
|-
|-
| kaksikymmentä-kaksi
| kallio || hill
|  
| twenty-two
|-
|-
| kaksikymmentä-kolme
| kalustoluettelo || inventory
|  
| twenty-three
|-
|-
| kaksikymmentä-kuusi
| kankuri || weaver
|  
| twenty-six
|-
|-
| kaksikymmentä-neljä
| kansa || people
|  
| twenty-four
|-
|-
| kaksikymmentä-seitsemän
| kansalainen || citizen
|  
| twenty-seven
|-
|-
| kaksikymmentä-viisi
| Kansallisarkisto || state archives
|  
| twenty-five
|-
|-
| kaksikymmentä-yhdeksän
| kansallisuus || nationality
|  
| twenty-nine
|-
|-
| kaksikymmentä-yksi
| kanssa || with
|  
| twenty-one
|-
|-
| kaksitoista
| kantaisä || male progenitor
|  
| twelve
|-
|-
| kakso(nen) (-set)
| kantaäiti || female progenitor
|  
| twin(s)
|-
|-
| kaksoiskappale
| kantoluettelot || tax assessment rolls
|  
| duplicate record
|-
|-
| kalastaja
| kappalainen || assistant minister
|  
| fisherman
|-
|-
| kallio
| kappeli || chapel
|  
| hill
|-
|-
| kalustoluettelo
| kara(ta) (-nnut) || to run away
|  
| inventory
|-
|-
| kankuri
| karjakko || milkmaid
|  
| weaver
|-
|-
| kansa
| karjapaimen || herdsman
|  
| people
|-
|-
| kansalainen
| karkuri || runaway, fugitive, deserter
|  
| citizen
|-
|-
| Kansallisarkisto
| kartano || manorial estate
|  
| state archives
|-
|-
| kansallisuus
| kartta || map
|  
| nationality
|-
|-
| kanssa
| kastamaton || unbaptized
|  
| with
|-
|-
| kantaisä
| kaste || christening, baptism
|  
| male progenitor
|-
|-
| kantaäiti
| kastekirja || record of baptisms
|  
| female progenitor
|-
|-
| kantoluettelot
| kastenimi || given name
|  
| tax assessment rolls
|-
|-
| kappalainen
| kastettu(t) || baptized, (births)
|  
| assistant minister
|-
|-
| kappeli
| kasvain || tumor
|  
| chapel
|-
|-
| kara(ta) (-nnut)
| kasvatti(lapsi) || foster child
|  
| to run away
|-
|-
| karjakko
| kasvattivanhemmat || foster parents
|  
| milkmaid
|-
|-
| karjapaimen
| katselmuspöytäkirjat || visitations
|  
| herdsman
|-
|-
| karkuri
| katu || street
|  
| runaway, fugitive, deserter
|-
|-
| kartano
| kauppala || country town
|  
| manorial estate
|-
|-
| kartta
| kauppias || shopkeeper, merchant
|  
| map
|-
|-
| kastamaton
| kaupunki || city, town
|  
| unbaptized
|-
|-
| kaste
| kautta || via
|  
| christening, baptism
|-
|-
| kastekirja
| keisari || emperor, czar
|  
| record of baptisms
|-
|-
| kastenimi
| keisarillinen || imperial
|  
| given name
|-
|-
| kastettu(t)
| kelloseppä || watchmaker
|  
| baptized, (births)
|-
|-
| kasvain
| keltatauti || jaundice
|  
| tumor
|-
|-
| kasvatti(lapsi)
| kerjäläinen || beggar
|  
| foster child
|-
|-
| kasvattivanhemmat
| kerta || times
|  
| foster parents
|-
|-
| katselmuspöytäkirjat
| keskellä || in the middle
|  
| visitations
|-
|-
| katu
| keskenmeno || miscarriage
|  
| street
|-
|-
| kauppala
| keskipäivä || noon, midday
|  
| country town
|-
|-
| kauppias
| keskiviikko || Wednesday
|  
| shopkeeper, merchant
|-
|-
| kaupunki
| keskiyö || midnight
|  
| city, town
|-
|-
| kautta
| keskonen || prematurely born child
|  
| via
|-
|-
| keisari
| kesä || summer
|  
| emperor, czar
|-
|-
| keisarillinen
| kesäkuu || June
|  
| imperial
|-
|-
| kelloseppä
| keuhkotauti || consumption, tuberculosis
|  
| watchmaker
|-
|-
| keltatauti
| kevät || spring
|  
| jaundice
|-
|-
| kerjäläinen
| kieli || language, tongue
|  
| beggar
|-
|-
| kerta
| kihlakunnanoikeus || rural district court
|  
| times
|-
|-
| keskellä
| kihlakunta || rural civil district
|  
| in the middle
|-
|-
| keskenmeno
| kihlattu || engaged, betrothed
|  
| miscarriage
|-
|-
| keskipäivä
| kihlaus || engagement
|  
| noon, midday
|-
|-
| keskiviikko
| keuhkotulehdus || pneumonia
|  
| Wednesday
|-
|-
| keskiyö
| kihti || gout
|  
| midnight
|-
|-
| keskonen
| kilometri || kilometer
|  
| prematurely born child
|-
|-
| kesä
| kinkeriasiakirjat || catechetical meeting records
|  
| summer
|-
|-
| kesäkuu
| kinkerit || catechetical meeting, household examination
|  
| June
|-
|-
| keuhkotauti
| kirja || book, register
|  
| consumption, tuberculosis
|-
|-
| kevät
| kirjaaja || register
|  
| spring
|-
|-
| kieli
| kirjansitoja || bookbinder
|  
| language, tongue
|-
|-
| kihlakunnanoikeus
| kirjanpitäjä || bookkeeper
|  
| rural district court
|-
|-
| kihlakunta
| kirjasto || library
|  
| rural civil district
|-
|-
| kihlattu
| kirje(et) || letter(s)
|  
| engaged, betrothed
|-
|-
| kihlaus
| postinkantaja || mailman
|  
| engagement
|-
|-
| kihlkeuhkotulehdus
| kirjeenvaihto || correspondence, letters
|  
| pneumonia
|-
|-
| kihti
| kirjuri || clerk, scribe
|  
| gout
|-
|-
| kilometri
| kirkko || church
|  
| kilometer
|-
|-
| kinkeriasiakirjat
| kirkkoherra || minister, priest
|  
| catechetical meeting records
|-
|-
| kinkerit
| kirkkoherranvirasto || office of the parish minister
|  
| catechetical meeting, household examination
|-
|-
| kirja
| kirkon asiakirjat || church records
|  
| book, register
|-
|-
| kirjaaja
| kirkonkirja || parish register
|  
| register
|-
|-
| kirjannitoja
| kirvesmies || carpenter
|  
| bookbinder
|-
|-
| kirjanpitäjä
| kisälli || journeyman
|  
| bookkeeper
|-
|-
| kirjasto
| kohtaus || seizures, illness
|  
| library
|-
|-
| kirje(et)
| kolera || cholera
|  
| letter(s)
|-
|-
| kirjeenkantaja
| kolmas || third
|  
| mailman
|-
|-
| kirjekirjat
| kolmaskymmenes || thirtieth
|  
| correspondence, letters
|-
|-
| kirjuri
| kolmaskymmenesensimmäinen || thirty-first
|  
| clerk, scribe
|-
|-
| kirkko
| kolmastoista || thirteenth
|  
| church
|-
|-
| kirkkoherra
| kolme || three
|  
| minister, priest
|-
|-
| kirkkoherranvirasto
| kolmekymmentä || thirty
|  
| office of the parish minister
|-
|-
| kirkon asiakirjat
| kolmekymmentäyksi || thirty-one
|  
| records regarding the church building
|-
|-
| kirkonkirja
| kolmetoista || thirteen
|  
| parish register
|-
|-
| kirvesmies
| kolmoset || triplets
|  
| carpenter
|-
|-
| kisälli
| koneenkäyttäjä || machinist
|  
| journeyman
|-
|-
| kohtaus
| korkea || high
|  
| seizures, illness
|-
|-
| kolera
| korkea ikä || old (high) age
|  
| cholera
|-
|-
| kolmas
| korkeinoikeus || supreme court
|  
| third
|-
|-
| kolmaskymmenes
| kortisto || card index
|  
| thirtieth
|-
|-
| kolmaskymmenes-ensimmäinen
| kortteli || block
|  
| thirty-first
|-
|-
| kolmastoista
| koska || when, because of
|  
| thirteenth
|-
|-
| kolme
| kot(i) (-ona) || (at) home
|  
| three
|-
|-
| kolmekymmentä
| kotimaa || homeland, native land
|  
| thirty
|-
|-
| kolmekymmentä-yksi
| asuinpaikka || residence
|  
| thirty-one
|-
|-
| kolmetoista
| kotirouva || housewife
|  
| thirteen
|-
|-
| kolmoset
| koulu || school
|  
| triplets
|-
|-
| koneenkäyttäjä
| kouluasiakirjat || school documents
|  
| machinist
|-
|-
| korkea
| kouristus || convulsions, cramps
|  
| high
|-
|-
| korkea ikä
| kramppi || cramps, convulsions
|  
| old (high) age
|-
|-
| korkein oikeus
| kreikkalaiskatolinen, ortodoksi || (Eastern) Orthodox
|  
| supreme court
|-
|-
| kortisto
| kreivi || count (earl)
|  
| card index
|-
|-
| kortteli
| krenatööri, jalkaväkimies || infantryman, grenadier
|  
| block
|-
|-
| koska
| kristinoppi || (knowledge of) Christian doctrine
|  
| when, because of
|-
|-
| kot(i) (-ona)
| kruunu || crown, state, government
|  
| (at) home
|-
|-
| kotimaa
| kuin || as
|  
| homeland, native land
|-
|-
| kotipaikka
| kuinka || how
|  
| residence
|-
|-
| kotirouva
| kuka || who
|  
| housewife
|-
|-
| koulu
| kulkuri || vagabond
|  
| school
|-
|-
| kouluasiakirjat
| kulkutauti || epidemic
|  
| school documents
|-
|-
| kouristus
| kultaseppä || goldsmith
|  
| convulsions, cramps
|-
|-
| kramppi
| kuluva || current
|  
| cramps, convulsions
|-
|-
| kreikkalaiskatolinen
| kummi(t) || sponsor(s), godmother, godfather
|  
| (Eastern) Orthodox
|-
|-
| kreivi
| kun(ta) (-nat) || parish(es), commune(s)
|  
| count (earl)
|-
|-
| krenatööri
| kuningas || king
|  
| infantryman, grenadier
|-
|-
| kristinoppi
| kuningaskunta || kingdom
|  
| (knowledge of) Christian doctrine
|-
|-
| kruunu
| kuningatar || queen
|  
| crown, state, government
|-
|-
| kuin
| kuninkaallinen || royal
|  
| as
|-
|-
| kuinka
| kunniallinen || honest
|  
| how
|-
|-
| kuka
| kunta || municipality
|  
| who
|-
|-
| kulkuri
| kuolema || death
|  
| vagabond
|-
|-
| kulkutauti
| kuoli || died
|  
| epidemic
|-
|-
| kultaseppä
| kuoli ilman perillisiä || died without issue (any heir)
|  
| goldsmith
|-
|-
| kuluva
| kuolinilmoitus || obituary
|  
| current
|-
|-
| kummi(t)
| kuolinpesä || death estate
|  
| sponsor(s), godmother, godfather
|-
|-
| kun(ta) (-nat)
| kuolinsyy || cause of death
|  
| parish(es), commune(s)
|-
|-
| kuningas
| kuolintodistus || death certificate
|  
| king
|-
|-
| kuningaskunta
| kuolleena syntynyt || stillborn
|  
| kingdom
|-
|-
| kuningatar
| kuolleet || deaths, death records
|  
| queen
|-
|-
| kuninkaallinen
| kuollut || dead, died
|  
| royal
|-
|-
| kunniallinen
| kuppa || syphilis
|  
| honest
|-
|-
| kunta
| kurkkumätä || diphtheria
|  
| municipality
|-
|-
| kuolema
| kuski || coachman
|  
| death
|-
|-
| kuoli
| kuten || as
|  
| died
|-
|-
| kuoli ilman perillisiä
| kutsu(a) (-ttu) || call(ed)
|  
| died without issue
|-
|-
| kuolinilmoitus
| kuudes || sixth
|  
| obituary
|-
|-
| kuolinpesä
| kuudestoista || sixteenth
|  
| death estate
|-
|-
| kuolinsyy
| kuukausi || month
|  
| cause of death
|-
|-
| kuolintoclistus
| kuulustelu || examination
|  
| death certificate
|-
|-
| kuolleena syntynyt
| kuulutetut || banns, marriage intentions
|  
| stillborn
|-
|-
| kuolleet
| kuume || fever
|  
| deaths, death records
|-
|-
| kuollut
| kuuro(mykkä) || deaf (and dumb)
|  
| dead, died
|-
|-
| kuppa
| kuusi || six
|  
| syphilis
|-
|-
| kurkkumätä
| kuusitoista || sixteen
|  
| diphtheria
|-
|-
| kuski
| kylä || village
|  
| coachman
|-
|-
| kuten
| kymmenen || ten
|  
| as
|-
|-
| kutsu(a) (-ttu)
| kymmenes || tenth
|  
| call(ed)
|-
|-
| kuudes
| käly || sister-in-law
|  
| sixth
|-
|-
| kuudestoista
| käräjäkunta || primary rural judicial district, assize division
|  
| sixteenth
|-
|-
| kuukausi
| käräjät || local court, assizes
|  
| month
|-
|-
| kuulustelu
| käsikirja || manual
|  
| examination
|-
|-
| kuulutetut
| käsityöläinen || artisan
|  
| banns, marriage intentions
|-
|-
| kuume
| kätilö || midwife
|  
| fever
|-
|-
| kuuro(mykkä)
| käytös || conduct
|  
| deaf (and dumb)
|-
|-
| kuusi
| kääntymys || conversion
|  
| six
|-
|-
| kuusitoista
| köyhä || poor
|  
| sixteen
|-
|-
| kylä
| köyhäinhoitoasiakirjat || poor relief records
|  
| village
|-
|-
| kymmenen
| köyhäintalo || poorhouse
|  
| ten
|-
|-
| kymmenes
| köyhien luettelot || poor relief records
|  
|}
| tenth
 
===L===
{| class="wikitable"
! Finnish !! English
|-
|-
| käly
| laakso || valley
|  
| sister-in-law
|-
|-
| käräjäkunta
| laamanni(n)oikeus || lower court of appeal
|  
| primary rural judicial district, assize division
|-
|-
| käräjät
| lahja || gift, donation
|  
| local court, assizes
|-
|-
| käsikirja
| lahjoitus || donations
|  
| manual
|-
|-
| käsityöläinen
| laillinen || legal, legitimate
|  
| artisan
|-
|-
| kätilö
| laiskanlukijat || lazy readers
|  
| midwife
|-
|-
| käytös
| laiva || boat
|  
| conduct
|-
|-
| kääntymys
| laki || law
|  
| conversion
|-
|-
| köyhä
| lamp. (lampuoti) || tenant farmer
|  
| poor
|-
|-
| köyhäinhoitoasiakirjat
| lanko || brother-in-law
|  
| poor relief records
|-
|-
| köyhäintalo
| lap(si) (-set) || child(ren)
|  
| poorhouse
|-
|-
| köyhien luettelot
| lapsenlapsi || grandchild
|  
| poor relief records
|-
|-
| <br>
| lapseton || childless
|  
|  
|-
|-
| '''L'''
| lapsihalvaus || polio
|  
|  
|-
|-
| laakso
| lasinleikkaaja || glass cutter, glazier
|  
| valley
|-
|-
| laamanni(n)oikeus
| lastenkirjat || preconfirmation roll
|  
| lower court of appeal
|-
|-
| lahja
| lastenkoti || orphanage
|  
| gift, donation
|-
|-
| lahjoitus
| Latvia || Latvia
|  
| donations
|-
|-
| laillinen
| Latvialainen || Latvian
|  
| legal, legitimate
|-
|-
| laiskanlukijat
| lauantai || Saturday
|  
| list of slow readers
|-
|-
| laiva
| lautamies || juror
|  
| boat
|-
|-
| laki
| lavantauti || typhoid fever
|  
| law
|-
|-
| lamp. (lampuoti)
| leipuri || baker
|  
| tenant farmer
|-
|-
| lanko
| leski || widow, widower
|  
| brother-in-law
|-
|-
| lap(si) (-set)
| levyseppä || sheet metal worker
|  
| child(ren)
|-
|-
| lapsenlapsi
| Liettua || Lithuania
|  
| grandchild
|-
|-
| lapseton
| liettualainen || Lithuanian
|  
| childless
|-
|-
| lapsihalvaus
| linna || castle, jail
|  
| polio
|-
|-
| lasinleikkaaja
| lki. (leski) || widow, widower
|  
| glass cutter, glazier
|-
|-
| lastenkirjat
| loinen || dependent lodger
|  
| preconfirmation roll
|-
|-
| lastenkoti
| lois. || dependent lodger
|  
| orphanage
|-
|-
| Latvia
| lokakuu || October
|  
| Latvia
|-
|-
| Latvialainen
| luettelo || list, index, directory
|  
| Latvian
|-
|-
| lauantai
| lukkari || cantor, parish clerk
|  
| Saturday
|-
|-
| lautamies
| luku || number
|  
| juror
|-
|-
| lavantauti
| lukutaito || ability to read, literacy
|  
| typhoid fever
|-
|-
| leipuri
| lunastus || fee
|  
| baker
|-
|-
| leski
| luona || at
|  
| widow, widower
|-
|-
| levyseppä
| luonnollinen kuolema || natural death
|  
| sheet metal worker
|-
|-
| Liettua
| luostari || monastery
|  
| Lithuania
|-
|-
| liettualainen
| lupa || permission
|  
| Lithuanian
|-
|-
| linna
| luterilainen || Lutheran
|  
| castle, jail
|-
|-
| lki. (leski)
| luumätä || caries, bone rot
|  
| widow, widower
|-
|-
| loinen
| lähellä || near
|  
| dependent lodger
|-
|-
| lois.
| lähtenyt || departed
|  
| dependent lodger
|-
|-
| lokakuu
| länsi || west
|  
| October
|-
|-
| luettelo
| läpi || through
|  
| list, index, directory
|-
|-
| lukkari
| läsnä || present
|  
| cantor, parish clerk
|-
|-
| luku
| läsnäolo || presence
|  
| number
|-
|-
| lukutaito
| lääkäri || physician
|  
| ability to read, literacy
|-
|-
| lunastus
| lääni || county
|  
| fee
|-
|-
| luona
| lääninhallitus || county government
|  
| at
|-
|-
| luonnollinen kuolema
| löytölapsi || foundling
|  
|}
| natural death
 
===M===
{| class="wikitable"
! Finnish !! English
|-
|-
| luostari
| maa || land, country, earth
|  
| monastery
|-
|-
| lupa
| maakirja || land record
|  
| permission
|-
|-
| luterilainen
| maakunta || province
|  
| Lutheran
|-
|-
| luumätä
| maakunta-arkisto || provincial archives
|  
| caries
|-
|-
| lähellä
| maalaiskunta (mlk.)|| rural municipality near a city (civil administration unit) [https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maalaiskunta]
|  
| near
|-
|-
| lähtenyt
| maalari || painter
|  
| departed
|-
|-
| länsi
| maaliskuu || March
|  
| west
|-
|-
| läpi
| maanantai || Monday
|  
| through
|-
|-
| läsnä
| maanjako-oikeuden asiakirjat || documents of parcelling of land
|  
| present
|-
|-
| läsnäolo
| maanmittari || surveyor
|  
| presence
|-
|-
| lääkäri
| maanviljelijä || farmer
|  
| physician
|-
|-
| lääni
| maaseurakunta (msk., msrk.) || rural parish (church administration) equivalent to Swedish: ''landsförsamling'' [https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maaseurakunta]
|  
| county
|-
|-
| lääninhallitus
| maasta muuttanut || emigrated
|  
| county government
|-
|-
| löytölapsi
| maattu nainen || woman who has had illicit relations
|  
| foundling
|-
|-
| <br>
| maine(todistus) || (certificate of) character
|  
|  
|-
|-
| '''M'''
| mainittu || said, stated
|  
|  
|-
|-
| maa
| maistraatti || city administration, magistrate
|  
| land, country, earth
|-
|-
| maakirja
| majatalo || inn
|  
| land record
|-
|-
| maakunta
| makkarantekijä || sausage maker
|  
| province
|-
|-
| maakunta-arkisto
| maksatauti || liver disease
|  
| provincial archives
|-
|-
| maalaiskunta
| manttaali || assessment unit of land
|  
| rural parish near a city
|-
|-
| maalari
| manttaaliluettelo || tax list, census
|  
| painter
|-
|-
| maaliskuu
| marraskuu || November
|  
| March
|-
|-
| maanantai
| matruusi || sailor
|  
| Monday
|-
|-
| maanjako-oikeuden asiakirjat
| me || we
|  
| documents of parcelling of land
|-
|-
| maanmittari
| meidän || our, ours
|  
| surveyor
|-
|-
| maanviljelijä
| mekaanikko || machinist
|  
| farmer
|-
|-
| maasta muuttanut
| mennyt(aika) || the past
|  
| emigrated
|-
|-
| maattu nainen
| meri || sea
|  
| woman who has had illicit relations
|-
|-
| maine(todistus)
| merimies || sailor
|  
| (certificate of) character
|-
|-
| mainittu
| merkintä || entry, remark
|  
| said, stated
|-
|-
| maistraatti
| merkitty || entered, noted
|  
| city administration, magistrate
|-
|-
| majatalo
| mestari || master, expert
|  
| inn
|-
|-
| makkarantekijä
| metsä || forest
|  
| sausage maker
|-
|-
| maksatauti
| metsänhoitaja || forester
|  
| liver disease
|-
|-
| manttaali
| metsästäjä || hunter
|  
| assessment unit of land
|-
|-
| manttaaliluettelo
| miehistö || crew
|  
| tax list, census
|-
|-
| marraskuu
| mies || man, husband
|  
| November
|-
|-
| matruusi
| miespuolinen || male
|  
| sailor
|-
|-
| me
| miilunpolttaja || charcoal burner
|  
| we
|-
|-
| meidan
| miksi || why
|  
| our, ours
|-
|-
| mekaanikko
| mikä || what, which
|  
| machinist
|-
|-
| mennyt(aika)
| miniä || daughter-in-law
|  
| the past
|-
|-
| meri
| minun || my, mine
|  
| sea
|-
|-
| merimies
| minuutti || minute
|  
| sailor
|-
|-
| merkintä
| minä || I
|  
| entry, remark
|-
|-
| merkitty
| missä || where
|  
| entered, noted
|-
|-
| mestari
| mitätön || minor, insignificant
|  
| master, expert
|-
|-
| metsä
| m.n. (maattu nainen) || woman who has had illicit relations
|  
| forest
|-
|-
| metsänhoitaja
| molemmat || both
|  
| forester
|-
|-
| metsästäjä
| molempien || belonging to both
|  
| hunter
|-
|-
| miehistö
| monenlainen || various
|  
| crew
|-
|-
| mies
| morsian || bride, fiancée
|  
| man, husband
|-
|-
| miespuolinen
| morsiuspari || bridal couple
|  
| male
|-
|-
| miilunpolttaja
| muistiinpano || record, note, entry
|  
| charcoal burner
|-
|-
| miksi
| mummo || grandmother
|  
| why
|-
|-
| mikä
| muonamies || farmworker receiving wages in commodities
|  
| what, which
|-
|-
| miniä
| murha(ttu) || murder(ed)
|  
| daughter-in-law
|-
|-
| minun
| mutta || but
|  
| my, mine
|-
|-
| minuutti
| muurari || mason, bricklayer
|  
| minute
|-
|-
| minä
| muut asiakirjat || miscellaneous documents
|  
| I
|-
|-
| missä
| muutt(i) (-anut) || moved
|  
| where
|-
|-
| mitätön
| muuttaneet || moving record
|  
| minor, insignificant
|-
|-
| m.n. (maattu nainen)
| muuttokirja || certificate of moving
|  
| woman who has had illicit relations
|-
|-
| molemmat
| mylly || mill
|  
| both
|-
|-
| molempien
| mylläri || miller
|  
| belonging to both
|-
|-
| monenlainen
| myrkytys || poisoning
|  
| various
|-
|-
| morsiain
| myöhäinen || late (p.m.)
|  
| bride, fiancée
|-
|-
| morsiuspari
| myös(kin) || also
|  
| bridal couple
|-
|-
| muistiinpano
| mäkitupalainen || cottager
|  
| record, note, entry
|-
|-
| mummo
| mökki || cottage
|  
|}
| grandmother
 
===N===
{| class="wikitable"
! Finnish !! English
|-
|-
| muonamies
| naapuri || neighbor
|  
| farmworker receiving wages in commodities
|-
|-
| murha(ttu)
| nahkuri || tanner
|  
| murder(ed)
|-
|-
| mutta
| naida || to marry
|  
| but
|-
|-
| muurari
| naimaton || single, unmarried
|  
| mason, bricklayer
|-
|-
| muut asiakirjat
| naimattomana || unmarried (at the given time)
|  
| miscellaneous documents
|-
|-
| muutt(i) (-anut)
| naimisissa || married
|  
| moved
|-
|-
| muuttaneet
| nainen || woman
|  
| moving record
|-
|-
| muuttokirja
| naispuolinen || female
|  
| certificate of moving
|-
|-
| mylly
| neiti || Miss
|  
| mill
|-
|-
| mylläri
| neitsyt || virgin
|  
| miller
|-
|-
| myrkytys
| neljä || four
|  
| poisoning
|-
|-
| myöhäinen
| neljäs || fourth
|  
| late (p.m.)
|-
|-
| myös(kin)
| neljästoista || fourteenth
|  
| also
|-
|-
| mäkitupalainen
| neljätoista || fourteen
|  
| cottager
|-
|-
| mökki
| nikkari || carpenter
|  
| cottage
|-
|-
| <br>
| nimetön || anonymous, unknown, unnamed
|  
|  
|-
|-
| '''N'''
| nimi || name
|  
|  
|-
|-
| naapuri
| nimismies || rural police chief
|  
| neighbor
|-
|-
| nahkuri
| noin || approximately
|  
| tanner
|-
|-
| naida
| Norja || Norway
|  
| to marry
|-
|-
| naimaton
| norjalainen || Norwegian
|  
| single, unmarried
|-
|-
| naimattomana
| notariaatti || notary
|  
| unmarried (at the given time)
|-
|-
| naimisissa
| numero || number
|  
| married
|-
|-
| nainen
| nuo || those
|  
| woman
|-
|-
| naispuolinen
| nuohooja || chimney sweeper
|  
| female
|-
|-
| neiti
| nuorempi || (the) younger
|  
| Miss
|-
|-
| neitsyt
| nuori(n) || young(est)
|  
| virgin
|-
|-
| neljä
| nuorimies || youth, unmarried man, bachelor
|  
| four
|-
|-
| neljäs
| nuori piika || maid, unmarried woman
|  
| fourth
|-
|-
| neljästoista
| nuori poika || youth, unmarried man, bachelor
|  
| fourteenth
|-
|-
| neljätoista
| nuorukainen || young man
|  
| fourteen
|-
|-
| nikkari
| nykyinen || present, current
|  
| carpenter
|-
|-
| nimi
| nälkä || hunger
|  
|}
| name
 
===O===
{| class="wikitable"
! Finnish !! English
|-
|-
| nimismies
| oikea || right (direction)
|  
| rural police chief
|-
|-
| noin
| oikeus || right, court
|  
| approximately
|-
|-
| Norja
| oli || was
|  
| Norway
|-
|-
| norjalainen
| olivat || were
|  
| Norwegian
|-
|-
| notariaatti
| olla || to be
|  
| notary
|-
|-
| numero
| olosuhteet || circumstances
|  
| number
|-
|-
| nuo
| oluenpanija || brewer
|  
| those
|-
|-
| nuohooja
| oma || own (adjective)
|  
| chimney sweeper
|-
|-
| nuorempi
| omaa sukua || maiden name, née
|  
| (the) younger
|-
|-
| nuori(n)
| omainen || relative
|  
| young(est)
|-
|-
| nuorimies
| omaisuus || property
|  
| youth, unmarried man, bachelor
|-
|-
| nuoripiika
| omistaa || to have, to own
|  
| maid, unmarried woman
|-
|-
| nuoripoika
| omistaja || owner
|  
| youth, unmarried man, bachelor
|-
|-
| nuorukainen
| on || is
|  
| young man
|-
|-
| nykyinen
| opettaja || teacher
|  
| present, current
|-
|-
| nälkä
| opiskelija || student (at university)
|  
| hunger
|-
|-
| <br>
| oppilas || student (grades 1 to 12), apprentice
|  
|  
|-
|-
| '''O'''
| orpo || orphan
|  
|  
|-
|-
| oikea
| ortodoksi || orthodox
|  
| right (direction)
|-
|-
| oikeus
| o.s. (omaa sukua) || maiden name, née
|  
| right, court
|-
|-
| oli
| osa || volume, part
|  
| was
|-
|-
| olivat
| osoitehakemisto || directory
|  
| were
|-
|-
| olla
| ote || extract
|  
| to be
|-
|-
| olosuhteet
| ottolapsi || adopted child
|  
| circumstances
|-
|-
| oluenpanija
| ottovanhemmat || adoptive parents
|  
| brewer
|-
|-
| oma
| ovat || are
|  
|}
| own (adjective)
 
===P===
{| class="wikitable"
! Finnish !! English
|-
|-
| omaa sukua
| paikka(kunta) || place, locality
|  
| maiden name, née
|-
|-
| omainen
| paikkakuntahakemisto || gazetteer
|  
| relative
|-
|-
| omaisuus
| paitatehtailija || shirt maker, shirt manufacturer
|  
| property
|-
|-
| omistaa
| pakolainen || refugee, fugitive
|  
| to have, to own
|-
|-
| omistaja
| palo || fire
|  
| owner
|-
|-
| on
| palvelija || servant
|  
| is
|-
|-
| opettaja
| palvelu(s) || service
|  
| teacher
|-
|-
| opiskelija
| papintodistus || official certificate of birth, marriage, or death
|  
| student (at university)
|-
|-
| oppilas
| pappi || clergyman, priest
|  
| student (grades 1 to 12), apprentice
|-
|-
| orpo
| pappila || rectory, parsonage
|  
| orphan
|-
|-
| ortodoksi
| pappilan asiakirjat || records of the parsonage
|  
| orthodox
|-
|-
| o.s. (omaa sukua)
| pastori || pastor
|  
| maiden name, née
|-
|-
| osa
| pastorinkanslia || office of the parish minister
|  
| volume, part
|-
|-
| osoitehakemisto
| peltiseppä || tinner, tinsmith
|  
| directory
|-
|-
| ote
| penkkijärjestys || pew lists
|  
| extract
|-
|-
| ottolapsi
| perhe (suku) || family
|  
| adopted child
|-
|-
| ottovanhemmat
| perhehistoria (sukuhistoria) || family history
|  
| adoptive parents
|-
|-
| ovat
| perheluettelo (sukuluettelo) || family register
|  
| are
|-
|-
| <br>
| perikunta || the heirs
|  
|  
|-
|-
| '''P'''
| perillinen || heir
|  
|  
|-
|-
| paikka(kunta)
| perinnönjako || distribution of an inheritance
|  
| place, locality
|-
|-
| paikkakuntahakemisto
| perintö || inheritance
|  
| gazetteer
|-
|-
| paitatehtailija
| perintötila || family (or inherited) estate
|  
| shirt maker, shirt manufacturer
|-
|-
| pakolainen
| perjantai || Friday
|  
| refugee, fugitive
|-
|-
| palo
| peru(n)kirjat || private inventories of the deceased\'s property
|  
| fire
|-
|-
| palvelija
| perunjakokirjat || private inventories of the deceased\'s property
|  
| servant
|-
|-
| palvelu(s)
| perunkirjoitus || estate inventory, probate
|  
| service
|-
|-
| papintodistus
| pieni || little, small
|  
| official certificate of birth, marriage, or death
|-
|-
| pappi
| piika || maid, unmarried woman
|  
| clergyman, priest
|-
|-
| pappila
| pikkulapsi || infant
|  
| rectory, parsonage
|-
|-
| pappilan asiakirjat
| pikkuserkku || second cousin
|  
| records of the parsonage
|-
|-
| pastori
| pitäjä(läinen) || parish(ioner)
|  
| pastor
|-
|-
| pastorinkanslia
| pitäjänkokousten pöytäkirjat || minutes of parochial meetings
|  
| office of the parish minister
|-
|-
| peltiseppä
| pohjoi(s-) (-nen) || north
|  
| tinner, tinsmith
|-
|-
| penkkijärjestys
| poika || boy, son
|  
| pew lists
|-
|-
| perhe
| poikamies || bachelor
|  
| family
|-
|-
| perhehistoria
| pois || away
|  
| family history
|-
|-
| perheluettelo
| poismennyt || deceased (adjective)
|  
| family register
|-
|-
| perikunta
| pojan poika || grandson, son\'s son
|  
| the heirs
|-
|-
| perillinen
| pojan tytär || granddaughter, son\'s daughter
|  
| heir
|-
|-
| perinnönjako
| polveutua || descend from
|  
| distribution of an inheritance
|-
|-
| perintö
| pormestari || mayor
|  
| inheritance
|-
|-
| perintötila
| porvari || burgher, tradesman, middle class citizen
|  
| family (or inherited) estate
|-
|-
| perjantai
| posteljooni || mailman
|  
| Friday
|-
|-
| peru(n)kirjat
| preussilainen || Prussian
|  
| private inventories of the deceased\'s property
|-
|-
| perunjakokirjat
| prinsessa || princess
|  
| private inventories of the deceased\'s property
|-
|-
| perunkirjoitus
| prinssi || prince
|  
| estate inventory, probate
|-
|-
| pieni
| protestantti || protestant
|  
| little, small
|-
|-
| piika
| punainen || red
|  
| maid, unmarried woman
|-
|-
| pikkulapsi
| punatauti || dysentery
|  
| infant
|-
|-
| pikkuserkku
| puolalainen || Polish (of Poland)
|  
| second cousin
|-
|-
| pitäjä(läinen)
| puolenpäivän aikaan || at noon
|  
| parish(ioner)
|-
|-
| pitäjänkokousten pöytäkirjat
| -puoli (ending) || step, half
|  
| minutes of parochial meetings
|-
|-
| pohjoi(s-) (-nen)
| puoliso || spouse
|  
| north
|-
|-
| poika
| pursimies || boatswain
|  
| boy, son
|-
|-
| poikamies
| puuseppä || carpenter, joiner
|  
| bachelor
|-
|-
| pois
| puutarhuri || gardener
|  
| away
|-
|-
| poismennyt
| pyhä || holy, sacred, saint
|  
| deceased (adjective)
|-
|-
| pojan poika
| pyhäkoululapset || Sunday School children
|  
| grandson, son\'s son
|-
|-
| pojan tytär
| päin || toward
|  
| granddaughter, son\'s daughter
|-
|-
| polveutua
| päivä(nä) || day
|  
| descend from
|-
|-
| pormestari
| päivämäärä || date
|  
| mayor
|-
|-
| porvari
| päivätyöläinen || day laborer
|  
| burgher, tradesman, middle class citizen
|-
|-
| posteljooni
| pääkirja || communion book
|  
| mailman
|-
|-
| preussilainen
| pääsiäinen || Easter
|  
| Prussian
|-
|-
| prinsessa
| pöytäkirja || minutes
|  
|}
| princess
 
===R===
{| class="wikitable"
! Finnish !! English
|-
|-
| prinssi
| raastu(pa) (-vanoikeus) || city court
|  
| prince
|-
|-
| protestantti
| raatihuone || town hall
|  
| protestant
|-
|-
| punainen
| raatimies || council man, municipal judge
|  
| red
|-
|-
| punatauti
| raha(määrä) || money (sum of)
|  
| dysentery
|-
|-
| puolalainen
| rahvas || people, peasantry
|  
| Polish (of Poland)
|-
|-
| puolenpäivän aikaan
| raja || border
|  
| at noon
|-
|-
| -puoli (ending)
| rakastajatar || concubine
|  
| step, half
|-
|-
| puoliso
| rakennusmestari || contractor, builder
|  
| spouse
|-
|-
| pursimies
| rakuuna || light cavalryman
|  
| boatswain
|-
|-
| puuseppä
| rampa || crippled
|  
| carpenter, joiner
|-
|-
| puutarhuri
| raskaana || pregnant
|  
| gardener
|-
|-
| pyhä
| ratsumestari || cavalry captain
|  
| holy, sacred, saint
|-
|-
| pyhäkoululapset
| ratsumies || cavalryman
|  
| list of Sunday School children
|-
|-
| päin
| ratsutilallinen || holder of farm obliged to furnish a cavalryman
|  
| toward
|-
|-
| päivä(nä)  
| ratsuväki || cavalry (men)
|
| day
|-
|-
| päivämäärä
| rautaseppä || iron smith
|  
| date
|-
|-
| päivätyöläinen
| rautatie || railroad
|  
| day laborer
|-
|-
| pääkirja
| rehellinen || honest
|  
| communion book
|-
|-
| pääsiäinen
| rekisteri || register, index
|  
| Easter
|-
|-
| pöytäkirja
| renki || youth, unmarried man, farmhand
|  
| minutes
|-
|-
| <br>
| rikollinen || criminal
|  
|  
|-
|-
| '''R'''
| rikos(luettelo) || misdemeanor (list)
|  
|  
|-
|-
| raastu(pa) (-vanoikeus)
| ripitysluettelo || absolution list
|  
| city court
|-
|-
| raatihuone
| rippikirja || communion book
|  
| town hall
|-
|-
| raatimies
| rippilapset || confirmations
|  
| council man, municipal judge
|-
|-
| raha(määrä)
| ripuli || diarrhea
|  
| money (sum of)
|-
|-
| rahvas
| risti(ä) (-itty) || baptize(d)
|  
| people, peasantry
|-
|-
| raja
| ristimäaika || baptism date
|  
| border
|-
|-
| rakastajatar
| ristimänimi || Christian name, first name
|  
| concubine
|-
|-
| rakennusmestari
| ritari || knight
|  
| contractor, builder
|-
|-
| rakuuna
| rokko || (small) pox
|  
| light cavalryman
|-
|-
| rampa
| rokotetut || vaccinations
|  
| crippled
|-
|-
| raskaana
| rouva || Mrs., wife
|  
| pregnant
|-
|-
| ratsumestari
| rovasti(kunta) || dean(ery)
|  
| cavalry captain
|-
|-
| ratsumies
| ruhtinaskunta || principality
|  
| cavalryman
|-
|-
| ratsutilallinen
| rulla || record, roll
|  
| holder of farm obliged to furnish a cavalryman
|-
|-
| ratsuväki
| rumpali || drummer
|  
| cavalry (men)
|-
|-
| rautaseppä
| ruokamyrkytys || food poisoning
|  
| iron smith
|-
|-
| rautatie
| ruotsalainen || Swede, Swedish
|  
| railroad
|-
|-
| rehellinen
| Ruotsi || Sweden
|  
| honest
|-
|-
| rekisteri
| ruotu || district maintaining a foot soldier
|  
| register, index
|-
|-
| renki
| ruotusotilas || foot soldier
|  
| youth, unmarried man, farmhand
|-
|-
| rikollinen
| ruotuvaivainen || pauper, dependent on the \"ruotu\"
|  
| criminal
|-
|-
| rikos(luettelo)
| rusthollari || holder of farm obliged to furnish a cavalryman
|  
| misdemeanor (list)
|-
|-
| ripitysluettelo
| rutto || plague
|  
| absolution list
|-
|-
| rippikirja
| ruukki || foundry, mill, industry
|  
| communion book
|-
|-
| rippilapset
| ruumis || corpse
|  
| confirmations
|-
|-
| ripuli
| rykmentti || regiment
|  
| diarrhea
|-
|-
| risti(ä) (-itty)
| rälssi || tax exempt, nobility
|  
| baptize(d)
|-
|-
| ristimäaika
| rälssitila || tax exempt farm
|  
| baptism date
|-
|-
| ristimänimi
| räätäli || tailor
|  
|}
| Christian name, first name
 
===S===
{| class="wikitable"
! Finnish !! English
|-
|-
| ritari
| s. (syntynyt) || born
|  
| knight
|-
|-
| rokko
| saapuneet || arrived, moved in
|  
| (small) pox
|-
|-
| rokotetut
| saapuneet asiakirjat || correspondence, letters
|  
| vaccinations
|-
|-
| rouva
| saapunut || arrived
|  
| Mrs., wife
|-
|-
| rovasti(kunta)
| saha || sawmill
|  
| dean(ery)
|-
|-
| ruhtinaskunta
| sairas || sick (person)
|  
| principality
|-
|-
| rulla
| sairaus || sickness
|  
| record, roll
|-
|-
| rumpali
| sakkoluettelot || lists of fines
|  
| drummer
|-
|-
| ruokamyrkytys
| saksalainen || German
|  
| food poisoning
|-
|-
| ruotsalainen
| sama || same
|  
| Swede, Swedish
|-
|-
| Ruotsi
| sanakirja || dictionary
|  
| Sweden
|-
|-
| ruotu
| sanomalehti || newspaper
|  
| district maintaining a foot soldier
|-
|-
| ruotusotilas
| sanottu || said, stated
|  
| foot soldier
|-
|-
| ruotuvaivainen
| satulantekijä || saddle maker
|  
| pauper, dependent on the \"ruotu\"
|-
|-
| rusthollari
| savenvalaja || potter
|  
| holder of farm obliged to furnish a cavalryman
|-
|-
| rutto
| se || it
|  
| plague
|-
|-
| ruukki
| seitsemän || seven
|  
| foundry, mill, industry
|-
|-
| ruumis
| seitsemäntoista || seventeen
|  
| corpse
|-
|-
| rykmentti
| seitsemäs || seventh
|  
| regiment
|-
|-
| rälssi
| seitsemästoista || seventeenth
|  
| tax exempt, nobility
|-
|-
| rälssitila
| sekä || and, also
|  
| tax exempt farm
|-
|-
| räätäli
| sen || its
|  
| tailor
|-
|-
| <br>
| seppä || smith
|  
|  
|-
|-
| '''S'''
| seppä || blacksmith
|  
|  
|-
|-
| s. (syntynyt)
| serkku || cousin
|  
| born
|-
|-
| saapuneet
| setä || uncle (paternal)
|  
| arrived, moved in
|-
|-
| saapuneet asiakirjat
| seura || society (genealogical)
|  
| correspondence, letters
|-
|-
| saapunut
| seuraava || next
|  
| arrived
|-
|-
| saha
| seurakunta || parish (religious)
|  
| sawmill
|-
|-
| sairas
| seutu || region, vicinity
|  
| sick (person)
|-
|-
| sairaus
| siellä || there
|  
| sickness
|-
|-
| sakkoluettelot
| siirtolainen || emigrant, immigrant
|  
| lists of fines
|-
|-
| saksalainen
| siirtolaisrekisteri || emigration records
|  
| German
|-
|-
| sama
| siirtolaisuus || immigration
|  
| same
|-
|-
| sanakirja
| siirtolaisuus || emigration
|  
| dictionary
|-
|-
| sanomalehti
| sikotauti || mumps
|  
| newspaper
|-
|-
| sanottu
| sikäläinen || of that place
|  
| said, stated
|-
|-
| satulantekijä
| silta || bridge
|  
| saddle maker
|-
|-
| savenvalaja
| sinun || your, yours (singular)
|  
| potter
|-
|-
| se
| sinä || you (singular)
|  
| it
|-
|-
| seitsemän
| sisar || sister
|  
| seven
|-
|-
| seitsemäntoista
| sisarenpoika || nephew, sister\'s son
|  
| seventeen
|-
|-
| seitsemäs
| sisarentytär || niece, sister\'s daughter
|  
| seventh
|-
|-
| seitsemästoista
| sisarpuoli || half-sister, stepsister
|  
| seventeenth
|-
|-
| sekä
| sisarukset || siblings
|  
| and, also
|-
|-
| sen
| sisko || sister
|  
| its
|-
|-
| seppä
| sisäinen || inside
|  
| smith
|-
|-
| seppä
| sisällysluettelo || register, index
|  
| blacksmith
|-
|-
| serkku
| sisältö || contents
|  
| cousin
|-
|-
| setä
| siviilirekisteri || civil registration
|  
| uncle (paternal)
|-
|-
| seura
| sivu || page
|  
| society (genealogical)
|-
|-
| seuraava
| sokea || blind
|  
| next
|-
|-
| seurakunta
| sokeritauti || diabetes
|  
| parish
|-
|-
| seutu
| sorvari || turner
|  
| region, vicinity
|-
|-
| siellä
| sota || war
|  
| there
|-
|-
| siirtolainen
| sotamies || soldier
|  
| emigrant, immigrant
|-
|-
| siirtolaisrekisteri
| sotaväki || troops, army
|  
| emigration records
|-
|-
| siirtolaisuus
| sotilas || soldier, military
|  
| immigration
|-
|-
| siirtolaisuus
| suku || family
|  
| emigration
|-
|-
| sikotauti
| sukua(olla) || related
|  
| mumps
|-
|-
| sikäläinen
| sukukirjat || lineage books
|  
| of that place
|-
|-
| silta
| sukulainen || relative
|  
| bridge
|-
|-
| sinun
| sukulaisuus || relationship
|  
| your, yours (singular)
|-
|-
| sinä
| sukunimi || surname
|  
| you (singular)
|-
|-
| sisar
| sukupolvi || generation
|  
| sister
|-
|-
| sisarenpoika
| sukupuoli || sex
|  
| nephew, sister\'s son
|-
|-
| sisarentytär
| sukupuolitauti || venereal disease
|  
| niece, sister\'s daughter
|-
|-
| sisarpuoli
| sukupuu || family tree, pedigree
|  
| half-sister, stepsister
|-
|-
| sisarukset
| sukuselvitys || report of family relationships
|  
| siblings
|-
|-
| sisko
| sukutaulu || genealogical table
|  
| sister
|-
|-
| sisäinen
| sukutiede || genealogy
|  
| inside
|-
|-
| sisällysluettelo
| sukututkimus || genealogical research
|  
| register, index
|-
|-
| sisältö
| sukututkimusseura || genealogical society
|  
| contents
|-
|-
| siviilirekisteri
| sulhanen || bridegroom, fiancé
|  
| civil registration
|-
|-
| sivu
| sunnuntai || Sunday
|  
| page
|-
|-
| sokea
| suomalainen || Finnish
|  
| blind
|-
|-
| sokeritauti
| Suomi || Finland
|  
| diabetes
|-
|-
| sorvari
| suorittaa || perform
|  
| turner
|-
|-
| sota
| suostumus || consent
|  
| war
|-
|-
| sotamies
| suuri || big, great
|  
| soldier
|-
|-
| sotaväki
| suutari || shoemaker
|  
| troops, army
|-
|-
| sotilas
| sydänvika || heart trouble
|  
| soldier, military
|-
|-
| suku
| syksy || autumn
|  
| family
|-
|-
| sukua(olla)
| sylilapsi || baby, infant
|  
| related
|-
|-
| sukukirjat
| synnytys || childbirth
|  
| lineage books
|-
|-
| sukulainen
| syntymä || birth
|  
| relative
|-
|-
| sukulaisuus
| syntymäaika || date of birth
|  
| relationship
|-
|-
| sukunimi
| syntymäpaikka || place of birth
|  
| surname
|-
|-
| sukupolvi
| syntymätodistus || birth certificate
|  
| generation
|-
|-
| sukupuoli
| syntyneet || births, birth records
|  
| sex
|-
|-
| sukupuolitauti
| syntynyt || born, maiden surname
|  
| venereal disease
|-
|-
| sukupuu
| syyskuu || September
|  
| family tree, pedigree
|-
|-
| sukuselvitys
| syytinki || allowance, person receiving allowance
|  
| report of family relationships
|-
|-
| sukutaulu
| syöpä || cancer
|  
| genealogical table
|-
|-
| sukutiede
| säteri || tax exempt estate
|  
| genealogy
|-
|-
| sukututkimus
| sääty (läinen) || station, class, standing (person of)
|  
|}
| genealogical research
 
===T===
{| class="wikitable"
! Finnish !! English
|-
|-
| sukututkimusseura
| tahtoa || to want
|  
| genealogical society
|-
|-
| sulhanen
| tai || or
|  
| bridegroom, fiancé
|-
|-
| sunnuntai
| taiteilija || artist
|  
| Sunday
|-
|-
| suomalainen
| takana || behind
|  
| Finnish
|-
|-
| Suomi
| talo || house
|  
| Finland
|-
|-
| suorittaa
| talollinen || farmer
|  
| perform
|-
|-
| suostumus
| talonpoika || peasant farmer
|  
| consent
|-
|-
| suuri
| talous || household
|  
| big, great
|-
|-
| suutari
| talousapulainen || housemaid
|  
| shoemaker
|-
|-
| sydänvika
| talvi || winter
|  
| heart trouble
|-
|-
| syksy
| tammikuu || January
|  
| autumn
|-
|-
| sylilapsi
| tap(paa) (-ettu) || murder(ed)
|  
| baby, infant
|-
|-
| synnytys
| tapaturma || accident
|  
| childbirth
|-
|-
| syntymä
| tarkastuspöytäkirjat || visitations
|  
| birth
|-
|-
| syntymäaika
| taulu(kko) || table, chart
|  
| date of birth
|-
|-
| syntymäpaikka
| tauti || disease
|  
| place of birth
|-
|-
| syntymätodistus
| te || you (plural)
|  
| birth certificate
|-
|-
| syntyneet
| tehdas || factory
|  
| births, birth records
|-
|-
| syntynyt
| teidän || your, yours (plural)
|  
| born, maiden surname
|-
|-
| syyskuu
| testamentti || will, testament
|  
| September
|-
|-
| syytinki
| teurastaja || butcher
|  
| allowance, person receiving allowance
|-
|-
| syöpä
| tie || road
|  
| cancer
|-
|-
| säteri
| tiedottaja || informant
|  
| tax exempt estate
|-
|-
| sääty (läinen)
| tiilentekijä || brickmaker
|  
| station, class, standing (person of)
|-
|-
| <br>
| tiistai || Tuesday
|  
|  
|-
|-
| '''T'''
| tila || house, farm
|  
|  
|-
|-
| tahtoa
| tilallinen || farm owner
|  
| to want
|-
|-
| tai
| tilikirjat || record of accounts
|  
| or
|-
|-
| taiteilija
| tilattomat || landless population
|  
| artist
|-
|-
| takana
| todistaja || witness
|  
| behind
|-
|-
| talo
| todistus || certificate, evidence
|  
| house
|-
|-
| talollinen
| toimeentulo || livelihood
|  
| farmer
|-
|-
| talonpoika
| toimi || occupation
|  
| peasant farmer
|-
|-
| talous
| toimittaa || perform
|  
| household
|-
|-
| talousapulainen
| toinen || other, second
|  
| housemaid
|-
|-
| talvi
| toisella nimellä || alias, a.k.a.
|  
| winter
|-
|-
| tammikuu
| -ton (ending) || without, not
|  
| January
|-
|-
| tap(po) (-ettu)
| tontti || parcel
|  
| murder(ed)
|-
|-
| tapaturma
| tori || market
|  
| accident
|-
|-
| tarkastuspöytäkirjat
| torppari || crofter, tenant farmer
|  
| visitations
|-
|-
| taulu(kko)
| torstai || Thursday
|  
| table, chart
|-
|-
| tauti
| toukokuu || May
|  
| disease
|-
|-
| te
| tsaari || czar
|  
| you (plural)
|-
|-
| tehdas
| tuhkarokko || measles
|  
| factory
|-
|-
| teidan
| tulehdus || inflammation
|  
| your, yours (plural)
|-
|-
| testamentti
| tulipalo || fire
|  
| will, testament
|-
|-
| teurastaja
| tulirokko || scarlet fever
|  
| butcher
|-
|-
| tie
| tulli || customs
|  
| road
|-
|-
| tiedottaja
| tullut (+ -sta or -lta) || came (from)
|  
| informant
|-
|-
| tiilentekijä
| tuntematon || unknown
|  
| brickmaker
|-
|-
| tiistai
| tunti || hour
|  
| Tuesday
|-
|-
| tila
| tuomari || judge
|  
| house, farm
|-
|-
| tilallinen
| tuomio || judgment
|  
| farm owner
|-
|-
| tilikirjat
| tuomioistuin || court
|  
| record of accounts
|-
|-
| titattomat
| tuomiokirkko || cathedral
|  
| landless population
|-
|-
| todistaja
| tuomiokunta || judicial district
|  
| witness
|-
|-
| todistus
| tupa || cottage, house
|  
| certificate, evidence
|-
|-
| toimeentulo
| turvotus || swelling, edema
|  
| livelihood
|-
|-
| toimi
| tynnyrintekijä || cooper, barrel maker
|  
| occupation
|-
|-
| toimittaa
| tyttären poika || grandson, daughter\'s son
|  
| perform
|-
|-
| toinen
| tyttären tytär || granddaughter, daughter\'s daughter
|  
| other, second
|-
|-
| toisella nimellä
| tyttö || girl, daughter
|  
| alias, a.k.a.
|-
|-
| -ton (ending)
| tytär || daughter
|  
| without, not
|-
|-
| tontti
| työläinen || laborer
|  
| parcel
|-
|-
| tori
| työmies || laborer
|  
| market
|-
|-
| torppari
| työntekijä || laborer
|  
| crofter, tenant farmer
|-
|-
| torstai
| täkäläinen || of this place
|  
| Thursday
|-
|-
| toukokuu
| tällä paikkakunnalla || in this place
|  
| May
|-
|-
| tsaari
| tämä || this
|  
| czar
|-
|-
| tuhkarokko
| tämä paikka || this place
|  
| measles
|-
|-
| tulehdus
| tänään || today
|  
| inflammation
|-
|-
| tulipalo
| täti || aunt
|  
| fire
|-
|-
| tulirokko
| täysi-ikäinen || of legal age
|  
| scarlet fever
|-
|-
| tulli
| täällä || here
|  
|}
| customs
 
===U===
{| class="wikitable"
! Finnish !! English
|-
|-
| tullut (+ -sta or -lta)
| ukko || old man
|  
| came (from)
|-
|-
| tuntematon
| ulko || outer
|  
| unknown
|-
|-
| tunti
| ulkoluku || reciting from memory
|  
| hour
|-
|-
| tuomari
| ulkomaalainen || foreign, strange
|  
| judge
|-
|-
| tuomio
| ummetus || constipation
|  
| judgment
|-
|-
| tuomioistuin
| usein || often
|  
| court
|-
|-
| tuomiokirkko
| uskonto || religious affiliation
|  
| cathedral
|-
|-
| tuomiokunta
| uudisasukas || settler
|  
| judicial district
|-
|-
| tupa
| uusi || new
|  
|}
| cottage, house
 
===V===
{| class="wikitable"
! Finnish !! English
|-
|-
| turvotus
| v. (vihitty) || married
|  
| swelling, edema
|-
|-
| tynnyrintekijä
| vaakuna || coat of arms
|  
| cooper, barrel maker
|-
|-
| tyttären poika
| vaakunaoppi || heraldry
|  
| grandson, daughter\'s son
|-
|-
| tyttären tytär
| vaari || grandfather
|  
| granddaughter, daughter\'s daughter
|-
|-
| tyttö
| vahtimestari || caretaker
|  
| girl, daughter
|-
|-
| tytär
| vaimo || wife, married women
|  
|-
| daughter
| vainaja || deceased, (the) late
|-
|-
| työläinen
| vaivainen || poor, sickly
|  
| laborer
|-
|-
| työmies
| vaivaisrahat || poor relief accounts
|  
| laborer
|-
|-
| työntekijä
| vaivaisruodut || poor relief records
|  
| laborer
|-
|-
| täkäläinen
| vaivaistalo || poorhouse
|  
| of this place
|-
|-
| tällä paikkakunnalla
| vajaamielinen || mentally defective
|  
| in this place
|-
|-
| tämä
| vakituinen || permanent, regular
|  
| this
|-
|-
| tämä paikka
| valokuvaaja || photographer
|  
| this place
|-
|-
| tänään
| valtakunta || state, empire
|  
| today
|-
|-
| täti
| valtio || state
|  
| aunt
|-
|-
| täysi-ikäinen
| Valtionarkisto || state archives
|  
| of legal age
|-
|-
| täällä
| valuri, valimon työntekijä || foundry worker
|  
| here
|-
|-
| <br>
| vanha || old
|  
|  
|-
|-
| '''U'''
| vanhapoika || bachelor
|  
|  
|-
|-
| ukko
| vanhemmat || parents
|  
| old man
|-
|-
| ulko
| vanhempi || (the) older
|  
| outer
|-
|-
| ulkoluku
| vanhin || oldest, elder
|  
| reciting from memory
|-
|-
| ulkomaalainen
| vanhus || old person
|  
| foreign, strange
|-
|-
| ummetus
| vanhuus || old age
|  
| constipation
|-
|-
| usein
| vanki || prisoner
|  
| often
|-
|-
| uskonto
| vankila || prison
|  
| religious affiliation
|-
|-
| uudisasukas
| vapaa || free
|  
| settler
|-
|-
| uusi
| vapaaherra(tar) || baron(ess)
|  
| new
|-
|-
| <br>
| vapaasääty || nobility
|  
|  
|-
|-
| '''V'''
| varas || thief
|  
|  
|-
|-
| v. (vihitty)
| varkaus || theft
|  
| married
|-
|-
| vaakuna
| varrella || by, at side
|  
| coat of arms
|-
|-
| vaakunaoppi
| varten || for the purpose of
|  
| heraldry
|-
|-
| vaari
| vartija || warden
|  
| grandfather
|-
|-
| vahtimestari
| vasen || left (direction)
|  
| caretaker
|-
|-
| vaimo
| vaskiseppä || coppersmith
|  
| wife, married women
|-
|-
| vainaja
| vastaanotettu || received
|  
| deceased, (the) late
|-
|-
| vaivainen
| vastanainut || newlywed
|  
| poor, sickly
|-
|-
| vaivaisrahat
| vastasyntynyt || newborn
|  
| poor relief accounts
|-
|-
| vaivaisruodut
| vasten || against
|  
| poor relief records
|-
|-
| vaivaistalo
| vatsatauti || stomach disease
|  
| poorhouse
|-
|-
| vajaamielinen
| vauva || baby
|  
| mentally defective
|-
|-
| vakituinen
| vauva(na) || (as an) infant
|  
| permanent, regular
|-
|-
| valokuvaaja
| veli || brother
|  
| photographer
|-
|-
| valtakunta
| velipuoli || half-brother
|  
| state, empire
|-
|-
| valtio
| veljenpoika || nephew, brother\'s son
|  
| state
|-
|-
| Valtionarkisto
| veljentytär || niece, brother\'s daughter
|  
| state archives
|-
|-
| valuri
| velka || debt
|  
| foundry worker
|-
|-
| vanha
| Venäjä || Russia
|  
| old
|-
|-
| vanhapoika
| venäläinen || Russian
|  
| bachelor
|-
|-
| vanhemmat
| verensyöksy || hemorrhage
|  
| parents
|-
|-
| vanhempi
| verenvuoto || hemorrhage
|  
| (the) older
|-
|-
| vanhin
| veritulppa || blood clot
|  
| oldest, elder
|-
|-
| vanhus
| vero || tax
|  
| old person
|-
|-
| vanhuus
| verotus || taxation
|  
| old age
|-
|-
| vanki
| vesipöhö || dropsy, edema
|  
| prisoner
|-
|-
| vankila
| vesirokko || chicken pox
|  
| prison
|-
|-
| vapaa
| vielä || still
|  
| free
|-
|-
| vapaaherra(tar)  
| vieras(seurakuntalainen) || guest, person not of a given parish
|  
| baron(ess)
|-
|-
| vapaasääty
| vierasseurakuntalaisten historiakirjat || registers of members of other parishes
|  
| nobility
|-
|-
| varas
| vihityt || marriages, marriage records
|  
| thief
|-
|-
| varkaus
| vihkiminen || marriage (ceremony)
|  
| theft
|-
|-
| varrella
| vihkimäsopimus || marriage contract
|  
| by, at side
|-
|-
| varten
| vihkimätodistus || marriage certificate
|  
| for the purpose of
|-
|-
| vartia
| vihreä || green
|  
| warden
|-
|-
| vasen
| viides || fifth
|  
| left (direction)
|-
|-
| vaskiseppä
| viidestoista || fifteenth
|  
| coppersmith
|-
|-
| vastaanotettu
| viikko || week
|  
| received
|-
|-
| vastanainut
| viime || last, past
|  
| newlywed
|-
|-
| vastasyntynyt
| viisi || five
|  
| newborn
|-
|-
| vasten
| viisitoista || fifteen
|  
| against
|-
|-
| vatsatauti
| virasta eronnut || retired
|  
| stomach disease
|-
|-
| vauva
| virasto || office, department
|  
| baby
|-
|-
| vauva(na)
| virka || office, position, occupation
|  
| (as an) infant
|-
|-
| veli
| virkaa tekevä || officiating, deputy
|  
| brother
|-
|-
| velipuoli
| virkamies || public official
|  
| half-brother
|-
|-
| veljenpoika
| virkatodistus || official certificate (of birth, marriage, or death)
|  
| nephew, brother\'s son
|-
|-
| veljentytär
| Viro || Estonia
|  
| niece, brother\'s daughter
|-
|-
| velka
| virolainen || Estonian
|  
| debt
|-
|-
| Venäjä
| vouti || bailiff, overseer (historical governor)
|  
| Russia
|-
|-
| venäläinen
| v.t. (virkaa tekevä) || officiating, deputy
|  
| Russian
|-
|-
| verensyöksy
| vuoden ikäinen || years of age
|  
| hemorrhage
|-
|-
| verenvuoto
| vuokralainen || lodger
|  
| hemorrhage
|-
|-
| veritulppa
| vuori || mountain
|  
| blood clot
|-
|-
| vero
| vuorokausi || twenty-four hours
|  
| tax
|-
|-
| verotus
| vuosi || year
|  
| taxation
|-
|-
| vesipöhö
| vuosi(päivä) (-juhla) || anniversary
|  
| dropsy, edema
|-
|-
| vesirokko
| vuosikymmen || decade, decennial
|  
| chicken pox
|-
|-
| vielä
| vuosisata || century
|  
| still
|-
|-
| vieras(seurakuntalainen)  
| vuosittain(en) || yearly
|  
| guest, person not of a given parish
|-
|-
| vierasseurakuntalaisten historiakirjat
| vuotias || years old
|  
| registers of members of other parishes
|-
|-
| vihityt
| väestö(rekisteri) || population (registry)
|  
| marriages, marriage records
|-
|-
| vihkiminen
| väestönlaskenta || census
|  
| marriage (ceremony)
|-
|-
| vihkimäsopimus
| väki || people, folk, crew, forces
|  
| marriage contract
|-
|-
| vihkimätodistus
| väliaikainen || temporary
|  
| marriage certificate
|-
|-
| vihreä
| välillä || between
|  
| green
|-
|-
| viides
| välittömästi || immediately, direct
|  
| fifth
|-
|-
| viidestoista
| värjääjä || dyer
|  
| fifteenth
|-
|-
| viikko
| vävy || son-in-law
|  
|}
| week
 
===Y===
{| class="wikitable"
! Finnish !! English
|-
|-
| viime
| yhdeksän || nine
|  
| last, past
|-
|-
| viisi
| yhdeksäntoista || nineteen
|  
| five
|-
|-
| viisitoista
| yhdeksäs || ninth
|  
| fifteen
|-
|-
| virasta eronnut
| yhdeksästoista || nineteenth
|  
| retired
|-
|-
| virasto
| yhdestoista || eleventh
|  
| office, department
|-
|-
| virka
| yhteinen || together, belonging to both
|  
| office, position, occupation
|-
|-
| virkaa tekevä
| yhteiskunta || community
|  
| officiating, deputy
|-
|-
| virkamies
| yksi || one
|  
| public official
|-
|-
| virkatodistus
| yksitoista || eleven
|  
| official certificate (of birth, marriage, or death)
|-
|-
| Viro
| yleinen || general, common
|  
| Estonia
|-
|-
| virolainen
| yli, ylä || over, upper, ended
|  
| Estonian
|-
|-
| vouti
| ylkä || bridegroom
|  
| bailiff, overseer (historical governor)
|-
|-
| v.t. (virkaa tekevä)
| ylä || upper
|  
| officiating, deputy
|-
|-
| vuoden ikäinen
| ympärillä || around
|  
| years of age
|-
|-
| vuokralainen
| yskä || cough (noun)
|  
| lodger
|-
|-
| vuori
| ystävä || friend
|  
| mountain
|-
|-
| vuorokausi
| yö || night
|  
|}
| twenty-four hours
 
===Ä===
{| class="wikitable"
! Finnish !! English
|-
|-
| vuosi
| äidinisä || grandfather (maternal)
|  
| year
|-
|-
| vuosi(päiva) (-juhla)  
| äidinäiti || grandmother (maternal)
|
| anniversary
|-
|-
| vuosikymmen
| äiditön || motherless
|  
| decade, decennial
|-
|-
| vuosisata
| äiti || mother
|  
| century
|-
|-
| vuosittain(en)
| äitipuoli || stepmother
|  
| yearly
|-
|-
| vuotias
| äpärä || illegitimate child
|  
|}
| years old
 
 
== Months ==
{| class="wikitable"
! Finnish !! English
|-
|-
| väestö(rekisteri)
| Tammikuu || January
|  
| population (registry)
|-
|-
| väestönlaskenta
| Helmikuu || February
|  
| census
|-
|-
| väki
| Maaliskuu || March
|  
| people, folk, crew, forces
|-
|-
| väliaikainen
| Huhtikuu || April
|  
| temporary
|-
|-
| välillä
| Toukokuu || May
|  
| between
|-
|-
| välittömästi
| Kesäkuu || June
|  
| immediately, direct
|-
|-
| värjääja
| Heinäkuu || July
|  
| dyer
|-
|-
| vävy
| Elokuu || August
|  
| son-in-law
|-
|-
| <br>
| Syyskuu || September
|  
|  
|-
|-
| '''Y'''
| Lokakuu || October
|  
|  
|-
| yhdeksän
|
| nine
|-
| yhdeksäntoista
|
| nineteen
|-
| yhdeksäs
|
| ninth
|-
| yhdeksästoista
|
| nineteenth
|-
| yhdestoista
|
| eleventh
|-
| yhteinen
|
| together, belonging to both
|-
| yhteiskunta
|
| community
|-
| yksi
|
| one
|-
| yksitoista
|
| eleven
|-
| yleinen
|
| general, common
|-
| yli, ylä
|
| over, upper, ended
|-
| ylkä
|
| bridegroom
|-
| ylä
|
| upper
|-
| ympärillä
|
| around
|-
| yskä
|
| cough (noun)
|-
| ystävä
|
| friend
|-
| yö
|
| night
|-
| <br>
|
|
|-
| '''Ä'''
|
|
|-
| äidinisä
|
| grandfather (maternal)
|-
| äidinäiti
|
| grandmother (maternal)
|-
| äiditön
|
| motherless
|-
| äiti
|
| mother
|-
|-
| äitipuoli
| Marraskuu || November
|  
| stepmother
|-
|-
| äpärä
| Joulukuu || December
|  
| illegitimate child
|-
|
<br> '''Months'''
 
Tammikuu &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; January
 
Helmikuu &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; February
 
Maaliskuu&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; March
 
Huhtikuu&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; April
 
Toukokuu&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; May
 
Kesäkuu&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; June
 
Heinäkuu&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; July
 
Elokuu&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; August
 
Syyskuu&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; September
 
Lokakuu&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; October
 
Marraskuu&nbsp;&nbsp; November
 
Joulukuu&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; December  
 
|
|}
|}


=== Additional Resources ===
== Additional Resources ==
 
This word list includes only the words most commonly found in genealogical sources. For more help, use a Finnish-English dictionary. Several such dictionaries are available at the Family History LibraryLook this term up in the glossary. in the Scandinavia collection. Their call numbers begin with 494.541321. The following dictionary is also available on microfilmLook this term up in the glossary. for use in Family History CentersLook this term up in the glossary.:


Alanne, V. S. Suomalais-englantilainen suursanakirja [Great Finnish-English Dictionary]. 3rd ed. Porvoo: Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö, 1968. (FHL film 1224706 item 3.)
This word list includes only the words most commonly found in genealogical sources. For more help, use a Finnish-English dictionary. Several such dictionaries are available at the FamilySearch LibraryLook this term up in the glossary. in the Scandinavia collection. Their call numbers begin with 494.541321. The following dictionary is also available on microfilmLook this term up in the glossary. for use in FamilySearch CentersLook this term up in the glossary.  


Additional dictionaries are listed in the Subject Search of the FamilySearch Catalog under FINNISH LANGUAGE - DICTIONARIES or in the Locality Search under FINLAND - LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES - DICTIONARIES.<br>
Alanne, V. S. {{FSC|226548|item|disp=''Suomalais-englantilainen suursanakirja'' (Great Finnish-English Dictionary)]. 3rd ed. Porvoo: Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö, 1968}}. FS Library film [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSDM-L9YQ-C?i=74&cat=226548 1224706 item 3].  


<br>
Additional dictionaries are listed in the Subject Search of the FamilySearch Catalog under FINNISH LANGUAGE - DICTIONARIES or in the Locality Search under FINLAND - LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES - DICTIONARIES.
=== Online Resources ===
'''Historismi.net'''
*[https://historismi.net/tools1.html Lyhenteitä ja termejä (Abbreviations and terms)]
*[https://historismi.net/tools2.html Ammatit A-K (Professions, A-K)]
*[https://historismi.net/tools3.html Ammatit L-Ö (Professions, L-Ö)]
*[https://historismi.net/tools4.html Kuolinsyyt (Causes of death)]


=== References ===
== References ==


Family History Department. <u>Genealogical Word List: Finnish</u>. by the Family History Department of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Salt Lake City, 1997  
Family History Department. ''Genealogical Word List: Finnish''. by the Family History Department of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Salt Lake City, 1997  


[[Category:Finland Language and Handwriting]] [[Category:Language and Handwriting]]
[[Category:Finland Language and Handwriting]]
[[Category:Word_List]]
[[Category:Word_List]]
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