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*Brick-and-mortar sources for atlases include historical and genealogical societies, public libraries, and university libraries.
*Brick-and-mortar sources for atlases include historical and genealogical societies, public libraries, and university libraries.


=== County, township, and town boundary maps  ===
=== State Maps  ===
 
*[http://www.usgenweb.org/ The US GenWeb] is a great resource for maps, including [http://usgwarchives.org/maps/table2.html State and County Maps], the [http://usgwarchives.org/maps/usa/ United States Digital Map Library] and 67 maps from [http://usgwarchives.org/maps/cessions/ Indian Land Cessions in the United States].
*[http://www.archives.gov/research/formats/cartographic.html#arc The National Archives—Cartographic Branch] '''<br>The National Archives''' <br>841 South Pickett Street<br>Alexandria, VA 22304<br>and the [http://www.loc.gov/rr/geogmap/ Geography and Map Division of the Library of Congress] have significant collections of a variety of maps, including land ownership, railroad, and fire insurance maps.
 
=== County boundary maps  ===


To find records of an ancestor, it is necessary to learn the political jurisdictions that kept records in his area during the years he lived there. Town, county, parish, and state boundaries changed over time, so maps that show historical boundary changes help to quickly identify an ancestor's record jurisdiction.  
To find records of an ancestor, it is necessary to learn the political jurisdictions that kept records in his area during the years he lived there. Town, county, parish, and state boundaries changed over time, so maps that show historical boundary changes help to quickly identify an ancestor's record jurisdiction.  
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*Maps of county boundaries as they exist today and as they existed in each census year through 1920 are shown in&nbsp;''Map Guide to the U.S. Federal Censuses, 1790-1920 ''by William Thorndale and William Dollarhide. <ref>Thorndale, William, and William Dollarhide. ''Map Guide to the U.S. Federal Censuses, 1790-1920''. Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1987. (FHL book 973 X2th.)</ref> This source also includes helpful information about the availability of census records.  
*Maps of county boundaries as they exist today and as they existed in each census year through 1920 are shown in&nbsp;''Map Guide to the U.S. Federal Censuses, 1790-1920 ''by William Thorndale and William Dollarhide. <ref>Thorndale, William, and William Dollarhide. ''Map Guide to the U.S. Federal Censuses, 1790-1920''. Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1987. (FHL book 973 X2th.)</ref> This source also includes helpful information about the availability of census records.  
*Maps of modern county boundaries are also in both ''The Handy Book for Genealogists and Ancestry's Red Book''. These are available at most libraries and Family History Centers.  
*Maps of modern county boundaries are also in both ''The Handy Book for Genealogists and Ancestry's Red Book''. These are available at most libraries and Family History Centers.  
*Maps and an index of townships and other present-day civil boundaries are in ''Township Atlas of the United States'' <ref>Andriot, Jay. ''Township Atlas of the United States''. McLean, Virginia: Documents Index, 1991. (FHL book 973 E7an 1991.)</ref>
*Detailed maps and legal histories of county formations and changes are found in ''Historical Atlas and Chronology of County Boundaries, 1788-1980.'' <ref>Long, John H., editor. ''Historical Atlas and Chronology of County Boundaries, 1788-1980.'' Five Volumes. Boston, Massachusetts: G. K. Hall, 1984. (FHL book 973 E7hL; fiche 60514226-30.)</ref> The states included are Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New Jersey, North Dakota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, and Wisconsin.  
*Detailed maps and legal histories of county formations and changes are found in ''Historical Atlas and Chronology of County Boundaries, 1788-1980.'' <ref>Long, John H., editor. ''Historical Atlas and Chronology of County Boundaries, 1788-1980.'' Five Volumes. Boston, Massachusetts: G. K. Hall, 1984. (FHL book 973 E7hL; fiche 60514226-30.)</ref> The states included are Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New Jersey, North Dakota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, and Wisconsin.  
*The published states of Alabama, Florida, Indiana, Kentucky, Missouri, New Hampshire, Vermont, New York, and Pennsylvania are found in the ''Atlas of Historical County Boundaries'' <ref>Long, John H., editor. [State] ''Atlas of Historical County Boundaries''. New York, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1996-. </ref>The Family History Library has this work, but each volume is cataloged separately.  
*The published states of Alabama, Florida, Indiana, Kentucky, Missouri, New Hampshire, Vermont, New York, and Pennsylvania are found in the ''Atlas of Historical County Boundaries'' <ref>Long, John H., editor. [State] ''Atlas of Historical County Boundaries''. New York, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1996-. </ref>The Family History Library has this work, but each volume is cataloged separately.  
*''The Original Cleartype Business Control Atlas,'' is a basic atlas that shows state and county boundaries, county seats, all places of 1,000 population or more, and some places with fewer than 1,000. <ref>''The Original Cleartype Business Control Atlas,'' Annual. Maspeth, New York: American Map Corporation. (FHL book 970 E3b 1988.)</ref>
*''The Original Cleartype Business Control Atlas,'' is a basic atlas that shows state and county boundaries, county seats, all places of 1,000 population or more, and some places with fewer than 1,000. <ref>''The Original Cleartype Business Control Atlas,'' Annual. Maspeth, New York: American Map Corporation. (FHL book 970 E3b 1988.)</ref>


See also the [[United States Historical Geography|Historical Geography]] page for further help on tracing the histories of counties and their boundaries.
See also the [[United States Historical Geography|Historical Geography]] page for further help on tracing the histories of counties and their boundaries.  
 
=== Township Maps ===
 
*Maps and an index of townships and other present-day civil boundaries are in ''Township Atlas of the United States'' <ref>Andriot, Jay. ''Township Atlas of the United States''. McLean, Virginia: Documents Index, 1991. (FHL book 973 E7an 1991.)</ref>


=== City Maps  ===
=== City Maps  ===
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*[http://genealogy.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?zi=1/XJ/Ya&sdn=genealogy&cdn=parenting&tm=8&f=00&tt=14&bt=1&bts=1&zu=http%3A//homepage.floodcity.net/users/mastdog/battlemaps.html Battle maps] Some maps used are from "Battle Maps of the Civil War" by: Harold J. Holmquest.  
*[http://genealogy.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?zi=1/XJ/Ya&sdn=genealogy&cdn=parenting&tm=8&f=00&tt=14&bt=1&bts=1&zu=http%3A//homepage.floodcity.net/users/mastdog/battlemaps.html Battle maps] Some maps used are from "Battle Maps of the Civil War" by: Harold J. Holmquest.  
*[http://lcweb4.loc.gov/ammem/collections/civil_war_maps/ Civil War maps ]by the Library of Congress, American Memory Collection, allows one to follow the footsteps of his ancestor in the battles.&nbsp;Nearly 3,000 Civil War maps, charts, atlases and sketchbooks have posted.
*[http://lcweb4.loc.gov/ammem/collections/civil_war_maps/ Civil War maps ]by the Library of Congress, American Memory Collection, allows one to follow the footsteps of his ancestor in the battles.&nbsp;Nearly 3,000 Civil War maps, charts, atlases and sketchbooks have posted.
=== State Maps  ===
*[http://www.usgenweb.org/ The US GenWeb] is a great resource for maps, including [http://usgwarchives.org/maps/table2.html State and County Maps],&nbsp;the [http://usgwarchives.org/maps/usa/ United States Digital Map Library] and 67 maps from [http://usgwarchives.org/maps/cessions/ Indian Land Cessions in the United States].
*[http://www.archives.gov/research/formats/cartographic.html#arc The National Archives—Cartographic Branch] '''<br>The National Archives''' <br>841 South Pickett Street<br>Alexandria, VA 22304<br>and the [http://www.loc.gov/rr/geogmap/ Geography and Map Division of the Library of Congress] have significant collections of a variety of maps, including land ownership, railroad, and fire insurance maps.


=== Topography  ===
=== Topography  ===
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*You can purchase copies of topographical maps from the [http://www.doi.gov/ U.S. Department of the Interior]'''<br>U.S. Department of the Interior'''<br>Geological Survey <br>507 National Center<br>Reston, VA 20192
*You can purchase copies of topographical maps from the [http://www.doi.gov/ U.S. Department of the Interior]'''<br>U.S. Department of the Interior'''<br>Geological Survey <br>507 National Center<br>Reston, VA 20192


Telephone: 800-USA-MAPS (toll free) Telephone: 703-648-6045 (local)
Telephone: 800-USA-MAPS (toll free) Telephone: 703-648-6045 (local)  


== Research helps  ==
== Research helps  ==
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