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To get started on [[American Indian Genealogy|American Indian Research]]  
To get started on [[American Indian Genealogy|American Indian Research]]  
{{infobox ethnic group
|group = Shoshone
|image = [[Image:Shoshoni - Pocatello-1913.jpg|232x231px]]
|poptime =
<table style="background: none; width: 100%;" rules="rows">
<tr>
<td>1990</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">abt 9,215</td><td style="width: 2px;">{{resize|0%|&nbsp;}}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1900</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">abt 7,000</td><td>{{resize|0%|&nbsp;}}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>???</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">???</td><td>{{resize|0%|&nbsp;}}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
</table>
<small></small>
|popplace = '''Ancestral Homelands''': west of Rocky Mountains and east of the Sierra Nevada. The Eastern Shoshone lived near Grand Teton and Wind River Mountains. The Northern Shoshone ranged through southern Idaho, eastern Oregon and northern Nevada. The Southern Shoshone lived in Nevada, Wyoming and Utah. Later a Western Shoshone group was recognized in 1982.<br>
'''Descendants''':<br>
[[Fort Hall Indian Reservation (Idaho)|Fort Hall Reservation]] in Idaho and numerous reservations and colonies in Nevada and Oregon.<br>
|status = Federally recognized
|linguistic = Shoshonian; Shoshoni-Comanche
|cultural = not yet researched
|related-c = Bannock
}}


=== Tribal Headquarters  ===
=== Tribal Headquarters  ===
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*[http://www.shoshonebannocktribes.com/ Shoshone-Bannock] Tribes Official Website
*[http://www.shoshonebannocktribes.com/ Shoshone-Bannock] Tribes Official Website


Band or Clan or Divisions: Hohandika, Shobarboobeer, Shohoaigadika, Slohosegadika (Hodge page 557)  
Divisions: Hohandika, Shobarboobeer, Shohoaigadika, Slohosegadika (Hodge page 557)  


Washaki's Band  
Washaki's Band  


May be found in Idaho, Utah and Wyoming -&nbsp; Arizona, California, Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nevada, South Dakota, (Swanton and E. Kay Kirkham)  
They were often referred to as the Snakes. Some of the tribes, bands, or groups of Shoshone, with their colonies or reservations, include:
 
*Death Valley Shoshone -- see [[Timbisha Shoshone Indians|Timbisha Shoshone]]<br>
*Duckwater Shoshone -- [[Duckwater Indian Reservation (Nevada)|Duckwater Reservation (Nevada)]]
*Ely Shoshone Tribe of Nevada -- [[Ely Indian Colony (Nevada)|Ely Colony (Nevada)]]<br>
*Fort McDermitt Paiute and Shoshone Tribes -- [[Fort McDermitt Indian Reservation|Fort McDermitt Reservation]] (Nevada and Oregon)
*Mountain Shoshone or [[Sheepeater Indians|Sheepeaters]] -- [[Fort Lemhi Indian Reservation (Idaho)|Fort Lemhi]] and [[Fort Hall Indian Reservation (Idaho)|Fort Hall]] Reservation(Idaho and Montana)
*Northwestern Band of Shoshoni Nation of Utah (Washakie)
*Paiute-Shoshone Indians -- [[Bishop Indian Reservation (California)|Bishop Colony (California)]]
*Paiute-Shoshone Indians -- [[Fallon Indian Colony and Reservation (Nevada)|Fallon Reservation and Colony (Nevada)]]
*Paiute-Shoshone Indians -- [[Lone Pine Indian Reservation (California)|Lone Pine Reservation (California)]]
*[[Ruby Valley Shoshone Indians|Ruby Valley Shoshone]]<br>
*Shoshone Tribe of the Wind River Reservation -- [[Wind River Indian Reservation (Wyoming)|Wind River Reservation (Wyoming)]]
*Shoshone-Bannock Tribes -- [[Fort Hall Indian Reservation (Idaho)|Fort Hall Reservation (Idaho)]]
*Shoshone-Paiute Tribes -- [[Duck Valley Indian Reservation (Idaho and Nevada)|Duck Valley Reservation (Idaho and Nevada)]]
*Te-Moak Tribe of Western Shoshone
 
:Battle Mountain Band -- [[Battle Mountain Indian Colony (Nevada)|Battle Mountain Colony (Nevada)]]
:Elko Band -- [[Elko Indian Colony (Nevada)|Elko Colony (Nevada)]]
:South Fork Band -- [[South Fork Indian Reservation (Nevada)|South Fork Reservation (Nevada)]]
:Wells Band -- [[Wells Indian Colony (Nevada)|Wells Colony (Nevada)]]
 
*[[Timbisha Shoshone Indians|Timbisha Shoshone Tribe]]
*Weiser (Eagle Eye's) Band
*Western Shoshone Reservation in Duck Valley on the Nevada-Idaho border.  
*Yomba Western Shoshone Tribe -- [[Yomba Indian Reservation (Nevada)|Yomba Reservation (Nevada)]]


=== History  ===
=== History  ===
The ancestral homeland of the Shoshone was in the Mountain West. At an early point in history the tribe sub divided into:The Eastern Shoshone, Northern Shoshone and the Southern Shoshone. The Eastern Shoshone lived near Grand Teton and Wind River Mountains. The Northern Shoshone ranged through southern Idaho, eastern Oregon and northern Nevada. The Southern Shoshone lived in Nevada, Wyoming and Utah.
The tribes early contact with non-Indians included the Lewis and Clark Expedition, Jedediah Smith and fur traders and trappers at the Rocky Mountain rendezvous. The first rendezvous was promoted by Jedediah Smith in 1825. A prominent Shoshone: Sacajawea joined the Lewis and Clark Expedition-1803-06
In 1841 immigrants began moving to the west and northwest by way of the Oregon and California trails. Both of these trails cut through the homeland of the Shoshoni and Bannock tribes. Problems occurred as the resources of the area were drained by many immigrants going west. These trails provided a "highway" for over twenty years serving the forty-niners and silver seekers headed to California, Nevada and the northwest.
A military campaign of 300 soldiers led by Colonel Patrick Conner in January of 1863, killed 224 Indians this became known as the Bear river Massacre.
In 1863 four treaties were ratified, with the Eastern Shoshone, Shoshone-Northwestern Bands, Western Shoshoni and the the Shoshoni-Goship.
The Union Pacific and Central Pacific Railroad completed their lines and came together at Promontory Point, Utah in 1869.
1860-70 assigned to reservations<br>


==== Brief Timeline  ====
==== Brief Timeline  ====
*'''1782:''' Smallpox epidemic
*'''1803-06:''' Lewis and Clark Expedition
*'''1825:''' Jedediah Smith
*'''1825:''' First Rocky Mountain rendezvous at Green River in Wyoming
*'''1841-1869:''' The Oregon and California Trails both go right through the homeland of the Shoshoni and Bannock.
*'''1847:''' Mormons settled in the Great Salt Lake valley
*'''1849:''' Gold was discovered in California
*'''1855:''' Treaty
*'''1857:''' Comstock Lode - Silver in Nevada
*'''1862: '''Colonel Patrick Conner founded Fort Douglas Salt Lake City
*'''1863:''' January 29, Bear River Massacre, Campaign lead by Colonel Patrick Conner, 300 soldiers, 224 Indians killed; only 22 soldiers killed
*'''1863:''' July, Treaty
*'''1868:''' Treaty
*'''1869:''' Union Pacific and Central Pacific Railroad met at Promontory Point, Utah
*'''1860-1870:''' all Shoshone bands assigned to reservations
*'''1870s''' lack of sufficient rations continuing problem at Fort Hall
*'''1878:''' Bannock War
*'''1878:''' a band - Sheepeaters, including Bannock and Shoshone Indians, were part of an uprising in the Salmon River Mountains of Idaho.
*'''1880s:''' Railroad Rights-of-Way
*'''1896:''' April 21, the Shoshone and Arapaho tribes signed an agreement for the sale of the Owl Creek or Big Horn Hot Spring. (Senate Doc. no. 247. 54th Congress 1st Session, pages 3-6)
*'''1900:''' Population 1,766 Hodge, Frederick Webb. ''Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico''. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1906 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/ Available online]. page 557
*'''1982:''' Western Shoshone federally recognized


=== Agencies  ===
=== Agencies  ===
The following [[Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs|agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs]] had jurisdiction over the Shoshone for the time periods indicated. BIA agencies were responsible to keep such records as census rolls, allotment (land) records, annuity rolls, school records, correspondence, and other records of individual Indians under their jurisdiction. For details, see the page for the respective agency.


[[Carson Valley Indian Agency (Nevada)|Carson Agency ]]  
[[Carson Valley Indian Agency (Nevada)|Carson Agency ]]  
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==== Census  ====
==== Census  ====
1894 Census of the Bannock and Shoshone Indians of Fort Hall, Idaho. by Thomas Benton Teter. {{FHL|49365|item|disp=FHL Book Q970.1 Al#1 or FHL Film: 928110-928115}}


1885, 1890-1893, 1895-1899 '''Shoshoni Agency''', Wyoming. Shoshoni and Arapaho Indians. FHL film 581873 (M595 roll 498)  
1885, 1890-1893, 1895-1899 '''Shoshoni Agency''', Wyoming. Shoshoni and Arapaho Indians. FHL film 581873 (M595 roll 498)  
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1885-1887;1890-1891;1894-1901 '''Fort Hall''', Idaho. Shoshoni and Bannock Indians. FHL film 576493 (M595 roll 138)  
1885-1887;1890-1891;1894-1901 '''Fort Hall''', Idaho. Shoshoni and Bannock Indians. FHL film 576493 (M595 roll 138)  


<br>


<br>  
==== Treaties  ====
 
During the latter part of the 18th Century and most of the 19th Century, treaties were negotiated between the federal government and individual Indian tribes. The treaties provide helpful information about the history of the tribe, but usually only include the names of those persons who signed the treaty. For more information about treaties, [[American Indian Treaties with the United States|click here]].
 
Treaties to which the Shoshone Indians were a part were:
 
*1855 June 9, referred to in Wallawalla Treaty
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sho0848.htm 1863] July 2, at Fort Bridger, with Eastern Shoshone
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sho0850.htm 1863] July 30, at Box Elder Shoshone-Northwestern Bands
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sho0851.htm 1863] October 1,at Ruby Valley with Western Shoshoni
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sho0859.htm 1863] October 12, at Tuilla Valley with Shoshoni-Goship
*1868:at Fort Bridger Eastern Band Shoshoni and Bannock
 
==== Vital Records  ====
 
Prior to the Indian Reorganization Act, the Bureau of Indian Affairs, through their agencies, may have recorded some vital events. Some were recorded on health forms, such as the "[[American Indian Sanitary Record of Sick, Injured, Births, Deaths, etc.|Sanitary Record]] of Sick, Injured, Births, Deaths, etc." Others were recorded as supplements to the "[[American Indian Census Rolls|Indian Census Rolls]]." Some were included in the unindexed reports and other correspondence of the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
 
Some vital records for the Shoshone Indians include:
 
*Wind River Agency, M595,
 
Births and deaths 1938-39, FHL Film: 583122 Births and deaths 1924-1932, FHL Film: 581878 <br>  
 
*Fort Hall Agency, M595,
 
Birth and deaths, FHL Film: 576497 Births and deaths 1924-1934, FHL Film: 576498 and 576499
 


=== Reservations  ===
=== Reservations  ===
HealeyJE
17,757

edits

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