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By 1759, the English had helped the French halt the powerful Saulteaux Ojibwa military. However, the war continued on. Chief Pontiac or Bwan-di-ac, became an important Saulteaux Ojibwa military commander early in the 7 years war. By the early 1760s, chief Pontiac was the highest ranking Saulteaux Ojibwa military commander.  
By 1759, the English had helped the French halt the powerful Saulteaux Ojibwa military. However, the war continued on. Chief Pontiac or Bwan-di-ac, became an important Saulteaux Ojibwa military commander early in the 7 years war. By the early 1760s, chief Pontiac was the highest ranking Saulteaux Ojibwa military commander.  


He sent 1,000s of Saulteaux Ojibwa soldiers to launch massive raids against English settlers. They killed and wounded 1,000s during the war including the 1763 war known as Pontiac's War. By 1763, the English no longer wanted war. A peace treaty was had yet the Saulteaux Ojibwa's knew from prophecy, the whites had evil intentions. The whites only advanced as far west as what is now central Pennsylvania. They had fortifications further west but it was dangerous. They advanced further west down south.  
He sent 1,000s of Saulteaux Ojibwa soldiers to launch massive raids against English settlers. They killed and wounded 1,000s during the war including the 1763 war known as Pontiac's War. By 1763, the English no longer wanted war. A peace treaty was had yet the Saulteaux Ojibwa's knew from prophecy, the settlers had evil intentions. The settlers only advanced as far west as what is now central Pennsylvania. They had fortifications further west but it was dangerous. They advanced further west down south.  


After 1763, little had changed since 1670. Whites had advanced to what is now eastern New York State, parts of Vermont, parts of New Hampshire, and parts of Maine. Chief Pontiac's war strategy was successful. His soldiers kept the white advance limited.  
After 1763, little had changed since 1670. Settlers had advanced to what is now eastern New York State, parts of Vermont, parts of New Hampshire, and parts of Maine. Chief Pontiac's war strategy was successful. His soldiers kept the white advance limited.  


==== Chief Minavavana:  ====
==== Chief Minavavana:  ====


He was an important leader during the 1754-1763 War. Though not as powerful a leader as chief Pontiac, chief Minavavana held his own. In 1763, chief Minavavana led a force of Saulteaux Ojibwa soldiers against the white fort at Michilimackinac and captured the fort. Chief Minavavana kept up the war with the white invaders and was killed by the English in 1770.  
He was an important leader during the 1754-1763 War. Though not as powerful a leader as chief Pontiac, chief Minavavana held his own. In 1763, chief Minavavana led a force of Saulteaux Ojibwa soldiers against the white fort at Michilimackinac and captured the fort. Chief Minavavana kept up the war with the European invaders and was killed by the English in 1770.  


==== Chief Agushaway:  ====
==== Chief Agushaway:  ====
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It is believed that chief Egushawa or Agashaway, was possibly related to chief Pontiac. Chief Agashaway may have been the highest ranking Saulteaux Ojibwa military commander during the 1774-1794 War. He may have sent the Indian soldiers to the Virginia region to fight the whites, in 1774. After the 1768 Treaty of Fort Stanwix, white settlers crept into the Kentucky region. Saulteaux Ojibwa leaders knew what their future foretold and were anxious to retaliate. <br>  
It is believed that chief Egushawa or Agashaway, was possibly related to chief Pontiac. Chief Agashaway may have been the highest ranking Saulteaux Ojibwa military commander during the 1774-1794 War. He may have sent the Indian soldiers to the Virginia region to fight the whites, in 1774. After the 1768 Treaty of Fort Stanwix, white settlers crept into the Kentucky region. Saulteaux Ojibwa leaders knew what their future foretold and were anxious to retaliate. <br>  


Saulteaux Ojibwa soldiers killed and took captive, many of the white invaders. In 1774, the whites rose up in open rebellion. It's known as the American Revolutionary War. Chief Agashaway led the war from the Michigan region. The strategy of the Saulteaux Ojibwa military was to kill as many of the whites as possible. Both civilian and military. Saulteaux Ojibwa military commanders sent their soldiers east to fight the whites. Their weapons were bows and arrows.  
Saulteaux Ojibwa soldiers killed and took captive, many of the European settlers. In 1774, the settlers rose up in open rebellion. It's known as the American Revolutionary War. Chief Agashaway led the war from the Michigan region. The strategy of the Saulteaux Ojibwa military was to kill as many of the settlers as possible. Both civilian and military. Saulteaux Ojibwa military commanders sent their soldiers east to fight the settlers. Their weapons were bows and arrows.  


However, they used gun powder during their wars. They probably learned early on how to make their own gun powder. They may have had cannons (probably taken from the whites) yet they knew gun powder could be used in other ways. So during the 1774-1794 War, they frequently attacked locations where the whites had ample supplies of gun powder. They did so for two reasons. To increase their gun powder supplies and decrease the gun powder supplies of their white enemies.  
However, they used gun powder during their wars. They probably learned early on how to make their own gun powder. They may have had cannons (probably taken from the whites) yet they knew gun powder could be used in other ways. So during the 1774-1794 War, they frequently attacked locations where the whites had ample supplies of gun powder. They did so for two reasons. To increase their gun powder supplies and decrease the gun powder supplies of their white enemies.  
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==== Chief Sassaba:  ====
==== Chief Sassaba:  ====


An important Saulteaux Ojibwa military commander during the War of 1812, chief Sassaba is known historically for his participation in the War of 1812. He was one of the Saulteaux Ojibwa military commanders at the Battle of the Thames. Tecumseh, who was a spy who worked for the whites, supposedly fought and died in the Battle of the Thames. If he was actually killed in that battle, he was killed by Indians.  
An important Saulteaux Ojibwa military commander during the War of 1812, chief Sassaba is known historically for his participation in the War of 1812. He was one of the Saulteaux Ojibwa military commanders at the Battle of the Thames. Tecumseh, who was a spy who worked for the settlers, supposedly fought and died in the Battle of the Thames. If he was actually killed in that battle, he was killed by Indians.  


Chief Sassaba may have been the actual military commander of the Saulteaux Ojibwa soldiers at the Battle of the Thames and possibly the principle Saulteaux Ojibwa military commander during the War of 1812. Not much historical information about chief Sassaba is available. Historians tend to ignore Ojibwa leaders. They even consider chief Pontiac to have been an Ottawa leader rather than an Ojibwa leader.  
Chief Sassaba may have been the actual military commander of the Saulteaux Ojibwa soldiers at the Battle of the Thames and possibly the principle Saulteaux Ojibwa military commander during the War of 1812. Not much historical information about chief Sassaba is available. Historians tend to ignore Ojibwa leaders. They even consider chief Pontiac to have been an Ottawa leader rather than an Ojibwa leader.  
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Though the battles fought in southern Manitoba during the War of 1812 were not numerous, a few were fought. The most famous of the battles is the June 19, 1816 Battle of Seven Oaks. Historians actually claim the war fought in southern Manitoba was not a part of the War of 1812 but they are wrong. As usual, the whites established fortified settlements in the south of Manitoba.  
Though the battles fought in southern Manitoba during the War of 1812 were not numerous, a few were fought. The most famous of the battles is the June 19, 1816 Battle of Seven Oaks. Historians actually claim the war fought in southern Manitoba was not a part of the War of 1812 but they are wrong. As usual, the whites established fortified settlements in the south of Manitoba.  


Saulteaux Ojibwa soldiers were sent to the fortified settlements to try and destroy them. Cuthbert Grant became well known for leading Saulteaux Ojibwa soldiers at the Battle of Seven Oaks. The Saulteaux Ojibwa soldiers defeated the whites at that battle. It unofficially ended the War of 1812.  
Saulteaux Ojibwa soldiers were sent to the fortified settlements to try and destroy them. Cuthbert Grant became well known for leading Saulteaux Ojibwa soldiers at the Battle of Seven Oaks. The Saulteaux Ojibwa soldiers defeated the settlers at that battle. It unofficially ended the War of 1812.  


After the conflict, Cuthbert Grant became attracted to agriculture including the building of a watermill. In 1828, Grant was selected to rule the white colony in southern Manitoba known as the Red River Colony (aka Selkirk Colony) by the Saulteaux Ojibwa's. Historians ignore the Saulteaux Ojibwa's of southern Manitoba. That's for a reason. More information about that is below.  
After the conflict, Cuthbert Grant became attracted to agriculture including the building of a watermill. In 1828, Grant was selected to rule the white colony in southern Manitoba known as the Red River Colony (aka Selkirk Colony) by the Saulteaux Ojibwa's. Historians ignore the Saulteaux Ojibwa's of southern Manitoba. That's for a reason. More information about that is below.  
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==== Chief Peguis:  ====
==== Chief Peguis:  ====


He was also an important Saulteaux Ojibwa leader during the War of 1812. He was born in 1774. They think he was born near Sault Ste. Marie. He later moved to northern Minnesota then up to Manitoba. During the War of 1812, the English invaded southern Manitoba and established the Red River Colony. It is not known if chief Peguis was a Saulteaux Ojibwa military commander during that conflict. White historians write a deceptive portrait of chief Peguis as being sympathetic towards the whites. That is probably wrong.  
He was also an important Saulteaux Ojibwa leader during the War of 1812. He was born in 1774. They think he was born near Sault Ste. Marie. He later moved to northern Minnesota then up to Manitoba. During the War of 1812, the English invaded southern Manitoba and established the Red River Colony. It is not known if chief Peguis was a Saulteaux Ojibwa military commander during that conflict. European historians write a deceptive portrait of chief Peguis as being sympathetic towards the settlers. That is probably wrong.  


Chief Peguis is thought to have been a mixed blood. Cuthbert Grant was a mixed blood. After the whites established fortified settlements in southern Manitoba, Saulteaux Ojibwa soldiers were sent to attack them. After the 1816 Battle of Seven Oaks, the leaders of the Red River Colony knew they had to cooperate with the far more numerous Saulteaux Ojibwa's who surrounded them. In 1817, chief Peguis signed the Selkirk Treaty. It ended the conflict in southern Manitoba.  
Chief Peguis is thought to have been a mixed blood. Cuthbert Grant was a mixed blood. After the whites established fortified settlements in southern Manitoba, Saulteaux Ojibwa soldiers were sent to attack them. After the 1816 Battle of Seven Oaks, the leaders of the Red River Colony knew they had to cooperate with the far more numerous Saulteaux Ojibwa's who surrounded them. In 1817, chief Peguis signed the Selkirk Treaty. It ended the conflict in southern Manitoba.  


Chief Peguis and the other Saulteaux Ojibwa leaders, allowed the whites to stay in the south of Manitoba. It was a decision chief Peguis later on regretted. For nearly 65 years, the Saulteaux Ojibwa's subjugated the white invaders who lived in southern Manitoba. Some even lived in Minnesota, North Dakota, and Saskatchewan. In 1870, the Red River Colony was allowed independance by the Saulteaux Ojibwa's. However, those whites who lived in Saskatchewan continued to be subjugated by the Saulteaux Ojibwa's. They were not allowed freedom until the late 1870s. Louis Riel was their leader.  
Chief Peguis and the other Saulteaux Ojibwa leaders, allowed the settlers to stay in the south of Manitoba. It was a decision chief Peguis later on regretted. For nearly 65 years, the Saulteaux Ojibwa's subjugated the white invaders who lived in southern Manitoba. Some even lived in Minnesota, North Dakota, and Saskatchewan. In 1870, the Red River Colony was allowed independance by the Saulteaux Ojibwa's. However, those settlers who lived in Saskatchewan continued to be subjugated by the Saulteaux Ojibwa's. They were not allowed freedom until the late 1870s. Louis Riel was their leader.  


Chief Peguis is thought to have died on September 28, 1864. However, he actually may have lived until 1922. An Ojibwa man known as John Smith, lived until the age of 137 at Leech Lake Reservation which is located in northern Minnesota. Smith had something wrong with his nose according to his adoptive son. His nose supposedly flapped around while drinking from a cup.  
Chief Peguis is thought to have died on September 28, 1864. However, he actually may have lived until 1922. An Ojibwa man known as John Smith, lived until the age of 137 at Leech Lake Reservation which is located in northern Minnesota. Smith had something wrong with his nose according to his adoptive son. His nose supposedly flapped around while drinking from a cup.  
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