Kyrgyzstan History
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In other languages: History
Though long inhabited by a succession of independent tribes and clans, Kyrgyzstan has periodically fallen under foreign domination and attained sovereignty as a nation-state only after the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991.
Since independence, the sovereign state has officially been a unitary parliamentary republic, although it continues to endure ethnic conflicts, revolts, economic troubles, transitional governments and political conflict. Ethnic Kyrgyz make up the majority of the country's 6 million people, followed by significant minorities of Uzbeks and Russians. Kyrgyz is closely related to other Turkic languages, although Russian remains widely spoken and is an official language, a legacy of a century of Russification. The majority of the population are non-denominational Muslims.
Timeline
1876 - The eastern part of what is today Kyrgyzstan, was ceded to the Russian Empire through the Treaty of Tarbagatai
1916 - The rebellion against Russian rule in Central Asia caused many Kyrgyz later to migrate to China
1919 - Soviet power was initially established in the region
1936 - The Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic was established as a constituent Union Republic of the Soviet Union
1989 - In the Soviet census, ethnic Kyrgyz made up only 22% of the residents of the northern city of now Bishkek, while more than 60% were Russians, Ukrainians, and people from other Slavic nations
1990 - The Supreme Soviet voted to change the republic's name to the Republic of Kyrgyzstan.
1991 - Following the vote in 1990, the Supreme Soviet vote declared independence from the Soviet Union as the Republic of Kyrgyzstan