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Elizabeth City County, Virginia Genealogy

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Elizabeth City County, Virginia genealogy and family history research page. Guide to Elizabeth City County (established 1634) genealogy, history, and courthouse sources including birth records, marriage records, death records, census records, wills, deeds and land records, Civil War records, Revolutionary War records, family histories, cemeteries, churches, tax records, newspapers, and obituaries.

Elizabeth City County, Virginia
Map
Map of Virginia highlighting Elizabeth City County
Location in the state of Virginia
Map of the U.S. highlighting Virginia
Location of Virginia in the U.S.
Facts
Founded 1634
County Seat
Courthouse


County Courthouse

Beginning Dates for Elizabeth City County, Virginia Genealogy Government Records
Birth Marriage Death Census Land Probate
1853 1865 1853 1810 1634 1634

History

Parent County

1634--Elizabeth City County was created in 1634 as an original shire or county. Elizabeth City was absorbed by Hampton in July 1952. [1]

Boundary Changes

Record Loss

War.jpg
Elizabeth City records were destroyed during Revolutionary War, War of 1812, and the American Civil War periods. A few pre-Civil War deed books, wills, and order books survive.[2]

  • Lost censuses: 1790, 1800, 1890

Visit the Library of Virginia's website to determine exactly what records have been lost and their Lost Records Localities Database to find additional resources.

For suggestions about research in places that suffered historic record losses, see:


Places/Localities

Populated Places

Neighboring Counties

Resources

Research Guides

  • Davis, Virginia Lee Hutcheson. "Records of Tidewater Virginia Counties," Tidewater Virginia Families: A Magazine of History and Genealogy, Vol. 1, No. 2 (May-June 1992):53-66. FS Catalog Collection 975.51 D25t [For Elizabeth City County, see pp. 56-57]

African American

  • Heinegg, Paul. "Elizabeth City County Personal Property Tax List 1782-1820," Free African Americans.com, available online. [Heinegg abstracted free blacks listed in these records.]
  • Johnson, Martha C. Black Families of Elizabeth City Co., VA, 1800-1990: Research of Families of Callis, Davis, Simpson, Radcliff, Originating from Gloucester Co., Mathews Co., York and James Counties and Elizabeth Co., Hampton, Virginia. FS Catalog Collection 1728886 Item 2.
  • Search the Library of Virginia's Virginia Untold collection for digitized images of African Americans of Elizabeth City County.

Bible Records

Images of the Virginia Historical Society's family Bible collection have been digitized:


Cemeteries

Census

Historical populations
Census Pop. %±
1790 3,450 —
1800 2,778 −19.5%
1810 3,608 29.9%
1820 3,789 5.0%
1830 5,053 33.4%
1840 3,706 −26.7%
1850 4,586 23.7%
1860 5,798 26.4%
1870 8,303 43.2%
1880 10,689 28.7%
1890 16,168 51.3%
1900 19,460 20.4%
1910 15,720 −19.2%
1920 19,111 21.6%
1930 19,835 3.8%
1940 32,283 62.8%
1950 55,028 70.5%
Source: "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau.
1890 Union Veterans' Census

Church

List of Churches and Church Parishes

Baptist
  • 1776 Petition of Baptists (10,000 names!) and sympathizers from all over Virginia, dated 16 October 1776, asking for an end to persecution of Baptists by the established church. After locating your ancestor, view the digital copies.
    – Digital copies at Library of Congress; also at Library of Virginia
    – Hall, Jean Pickett. "Legislative Petitions: the 10,000 name petition" transcription in the Magazine of Virginia Genealogy, Vols. 35-38, with annotations in Vol. 39, (Richmond, Virginia: Virginia Genealogical Society, 1983-) online at Ancestry ($) and in book form at various libraries.

Early Baptist churches (with years constituted):

  1. Hampton (1791)[3]

Elizabeth County fell within the bounds of the Dover Association.

Church of England

Court

Chancery Court
  • Indexed images of Elizabeth City County, Virginia Chancery Records 1816-1933 are available online through Virginia Memory: Chancery Records Index. These records, often concerned with inheritance disputes, contain a wealth of genealogical information.

Genealogy

More than 200 genealogies have been published about Elizabeth City County families. To view a list, visit Elizabeth City County, Virginia Compiled Genealogies.

Immigration

Hampton has been a port since colonial times. Unfortunately, no official passenger lists survive for the seventeenth or eighteenth centuries.

Headright grants identify many Elizabeth City County, Virginia Genealogy immigrants who arrived before 1720.[4] The Virginia Immigration article provides tips about using this source.

Additional resources include:


  • Coldham, Peter Wilson. "Correspondence with the American Colonies 1739-1782," The Genealogist, Vol. 12, No. 1 (Spring 1998):108-128; Vol. 12, No. 2 (Fall 1998):189-205. Overseas correspondence of a resident of Hampton with the following surname: Riddlehurst. Available at FS Library.
  • Coldham, Peter Wilson. North American Wills Registered in London 1611-1857. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 2007. Includes wills of residents of Hampton and Elizabeth City County proved in London. These records often help establish an immigrant's place of origin.
  • List of imported servants and transported convicts from Europe who served labor terms in Colonial Virginia are online at: Immigrant Servants Database.

During the War of 1812, American officials reported finding a total of 3 British aliens, some of whom had families, living in Hampton and Elizabeth City County.[5]

Land

Grants and Patents

Land patents (pre-1779), land grants (after 1779) and surveys are available online at the Library of Virginia website. For step-by-step instructions on retrieving these records, read the Virginia Land and Property article.

  • Chapman, Blanche Adams. Wills and Administrations of Elizabeth City County, Virginia, and Other Genealogical & Historical Items, 1610-1800. Smithfield, Va., 1941. Original edition available at FS Library; 1995 reprint at FS Library; digital version at Ancestry ($). Includes copy of index to Elizabeth City County land patents, 1624-1788.
  • Nugent, Nell Marion. Cavaliers and Pioneers: Abstracts of Virginia Land Patents and Grants 1623-1666. Vol. I (1934; reprint, Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 1991). Available at FS Library; online at: Hathitrust, Ancestry ($). Includes Elizabeth City County.

Local Histories

Maps

Military

The National Military Home in Hampton serviced hundreds of veterans between the 1870s and 1930s. US Military Old Soldiers Home Records identifies several types records concerning these individuals.

Colonial Militia
  • Bockstruck, Lloyd DeWitt. Virginia's Colonial Soldiers. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1988. Available at FS Library. Online at: Ancestry ($). Identifies some Elizabeth City County militia officers and/or soldiers; see place name index.
  • Crozier, William Armstrong. Virginia Colonial Militia 1651-1776. Baltimore: Southern Book Co., 1954. Available at FS Library; digital book at Ancestry ($). Identifies some Elizabeth City County militia officers; see place name index.
French and Indian War
  • Bockstruck, Lloyd DeWitt. Virginia's Colonial Soldiers. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1988. Available at FS Library. Online at: Ancestry ($). Identifies some Hampton and Elizabeth City County militia officers, soldier enlistments, and veterans; see place name index.
  • Boogher, William F. Gleanings of Virginia History: An Historical and Genealogical Collection, Largely from Original Sources. Washington: n.p., 1903. Available at FS Library; online at Internet Archive. Includes a chapter titled "Legislative Enactments connecting the preceding historic sketch (French and Indian War, Lord Dunmore's War) with the adjudication of the resulting accounts that follow; with the list of officers, soldiers and civilians entitled to compensation for military and other services rendered." For Elizabeth City County, see p. 74.
  • Crozier, William Armstrong. Virginia Colonial Militia 1651-1776. Baltimore: Southern Book Co., 1954. Available at FS Library; digital book at Ancestry ($). Identifies some Elizabeth City County militia officers; see place name index.
Revolutionary War
  • Chapman, Blanche Adams. Wills and Administrations of Elizabeth City County, Virginia, and Other Genealogical & Historical Items, 1610-1800. Smithfield, Va., 1941. Original edition: FS Catalog Collection; 1995 reprint: FS Catalog Collection; digital version at Ancestry ($). Includes Conventions of 1775-1776, the Committee of Safety, 1775; public claims (list of persons who furnished supplies during Revolution); services listed in Virginia Soldiers of 1777 by Burgess; Historical Register of Virginians in the Revolution by John H. Gwathmey; The History of Virginia's Navy of the Revolution by Robert Armistead Stewart.
War of 1812

Elizabeth City County men served in the 115th Regiment.[6]

  • List of Pensioners on the Roll, January 1, 1883; Giving the Name of Each Pensioner, the Cause for Why Pensioned, the Post-Office Address, the Rate of Pension Per Month, and the Date of Original Allowance... Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1883. FS Catalog Collection 973 M2Lp v. 5; online at Internet Archive, Ancestry ($). See Vol. 5, Virginia, Elizabeth City County, pp. 70-77.
Civil War

Regiments. Service men in Elizabeth City County, Virginia Genealogy served in various regiments. Men often joined a company (within a regiment) that originated in their county. Listed below are companies that were specifically formed in Elizabeth City County, Virginia Genealogy:


- 1st Regiment, Virginia Artillery (Confederate). Company A (Washington Artillery aka Hampton Artillery)
- 3rd Regiment, Virginia Cavalry (Confederate). Company B (Old Dominion Dragoons).[7]

Newspapers

Indexed images of the Virginia Gazette (1736-1780) are available online through the Colonial Williamsburg website. In addition, Professor Tom Costa and The Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia have created a database of all runaway advertisements for slaves, indentured servants, transported convicts, and ship deserters listed in this source and other Virginia newspapers (1736-1803), see: The Geography of Slavery in Virginia. These newspapers are valuable resources for all regions of Virginia.

Occupations

  • Cutten, George Barton. The Silversmiths of Virginia (together with Watchmakers and Jewelers) from 1694 to 1850. Richmond, Va.: The Dietz Press, Incorporated, 1952. Available at FS Library. Includes a section on Hampton silversmiths.

Officials

  • Chapman, Blanche Adams. Wills and Administrations of Elizabeth City County, Virginia, and Other Genealogical & Historical Items, 1610-1800. Smithfield, Va., 1941. Original edition available at FS Library; 1995 reprint at FS Library; digital version at Ancestry ($). Includes a partial list of civil officers of the county, 1631-1666; members of the House of Burgesses, 1619-1775; Conventions of 1775-1776; lists of attorneys and justices, 1660-1767; more lists of civil officers of the county, 1639-1784.

Private Papers

  • [Riddlehurst] Coldham, Peter Wilson. "Correspondence with the American Colonies 1739-1782," The Genealogist, Vol. 12, No. 1 (Spring 1998):108-128; Vol. 12, No. 2 (Fall 1998):189-205. Overseas correspondence of a resident of Hampton with the following surname: Riddlehurst. Available at FS Library.

Probate

A free index to Elizabeth City County, Virginia Genealogy wills and administrations (1689-1800) is available at the Library of Virginia.



Local Court
  • Chapman, Blanche Adams. Wills and Administrations of Elizabeth City County, Virginia, and Other Genealogical & Historical Items, 1610-1800. Smithfield, Va., 1941. Original edition available at FS Library; 1995 reprint at FS Library; digital version at Ancestry ($).
  • Hopkins, William Lindsay. Some Wills from the Burned Counties of Virginia and Other Wills Not Listed in Virginia Wills and Administrations 1632-1800. Richmond, Virginia: W.L. Hopkins, 1987. FS Library. Includes Elizabeth City County.
London Courts
  • Coldham, Peter Wilson. North American Wills Registered in London 1611-1857. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 2007. Includes wills of residents of Hampton and Elizabeth City County proved in London. These records often help establish an immigrant's place of origin.

Research Guides

  • "A Guide to the Counties of Virginia: Elizabeth City County," The Virginia Genealogist, Vol. 9, No. 1 (Jan.-Mar. 1965):16-18. FS Library; digital version at American Ancestors by NEHGS ($).
  • Mero, James H. Elizabeth City County, Virginia (Now City of Hampton), A Guide for Research in Elizabeth City County Records. Hampton, Virginia: Hugh S. Watson, Jr. Genealogical Society of Tidewater Virginia, 1984. FS Library.

Taxation

How can Virginia tax lists help me?

  • 1704 Quit Rent Rolls Virginia Pioneers ($).
  • 1704 "Virginia Quit Rent Rolls, 1704," Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, Vol. 28 (1920):207-218, 328-339; Vol. 29 (1921):18-28, 337-343, 402-412; Vol. 30 (1922):21-30, 280-285, 341-347; Vol. 31 (1923):70-75, 153-163, 215-231, 314-318; Vol. 32 (1924):69-75, 144-158, 281-287, 338-343; Vol. 33 (1925):47-50, 359-370; Vol. 34 (1926):113-119, 252-258, 313, 321. Available at FS Library; reprinted in Virginia Tax Records. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 1983, which is also available at FS Library; digital version of VMHB at JSTOR ($). Elizabeth County appears in 30:341-344.
  • 1704, 1782 Chapman, Blanche Adams. Wills and Administrations of Elizabeth City County, Virginia, and Other Genealogical & Historical Items, 1610-1800. Smithfield, Va., 1941. Original edition available at FS Library; 1995 reprint at FS Library; digital version at Ancestry ($). Includes 1704 Quit Rent Roll; 1782 List of Tithables.
  • 1704 See also 1787.
  • 1758 "A Poll for the Election of Burgesses for the County of Elizabeth City When Col. John Tabb & Capt. William Wager Were Chosen, July 11, 1758," William and Mary College Quarterly, 1st Series, Vol. 26 (1917):107-108. Available at FS Library; reprinted in Virginia Tax Records. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 1983, which is also available at FS Library; digital version at JSTOR ($).
  • 1782 Fothergill, Augusta B. and John Mark Naugle. Virginia Tax Payers, 1782-87, Other Than Those Published by the United States Census Bureau. 1940; reprint, Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 1978. FS Catalog book 975.5 R4f 1978. Online at FamilySearch Digital Library, FS Library film 874197, item 4 - images. 1782 personal property tax list of Elizabeth City County.
  • 1782-1820 Heinegg, Paul. "Elizabeth City County Personal Property Tax List 1782-1820," Free African Americans.com, available online. Heinegg abstracted free blacks listed in these records.
  • 1782-1849 Personal property tax lists, 1782-1849. Online at: FS Library films 2024525-2024526 - images. No tax list for 1808.
  • 1782-1925 Personal Property Tax Records. Available on microfilm at Library of Virginia.
  • 1787 Schreiner-Yantis, Netti and Florene Speakman Love. The 1787 Census of Virginia: An Accounting of the Name of Every White Male Tithable Over 21 Years, the Number of White Males Between 16 & 21 Years, the Number of Slaves over 16 & Those Under 16 Years, Together with a Listing of Their Horses, Cattle & Carriages, and Also the Names of All Persons to Whom Ordinary Licenses and Physician's Licenses Were Issued. 3 vols. Springfield, Va.: Genealogical Books in Print, 1987. Available at FS Library. The source of this publication is the 1787 personal property tax list. Elizabeth City County is included in Vol. 1.
  • 1787 Stewart, Robert Armistead. "First Tax List of the Commonwealth of Virginia: Property Tax List of Elizabeth City County, 1787 [and] Family Names Above Occurring in the Quit Rent Roll of Elizabeth City County, 1704," The Researcher: A Magazine of History and Genealogical Exchange, Vol. 1, No. 3 (Apr. 1927):177-179. Available at FS Library.
  • 1800 "Elizabeth City County, Virginia, 1800 Tax List," The Virginia Genealogist, Vol. 19, No. 1 (Jan.-Mar. 1975):18-22. FS Library; digital version at American Ancestors by NEHGS ($).
  • 1815 Ward, Roger D. 1815 Directory of Virginia Landowners (and Gazetteer). 6 vols. Athens, Georgia: Iberian Pub. Co., 1997-2000. Available at FS Library. The source for this publication is the 1815 land tax. Elizabeth City County is included in Vol. 3.

Vital Records

Marriage


  • 1719-1720 - "Elizabeth City County Records," The William and Mary Quarterly, Vol. 1, No. 3 (Jan. 1893):157. Digital version at JSTOR - free. Marriage licenses 1719-1720.
Death

Elizabeth City County, Virginia Genealogy deaths are online in the Library of Virginia's Death Index of Virginia, 1853-1896, sponsored by The Virginia Genealogical Society.


Vital Record Substitutes

The Virginia Historical Society's Marriage and Obituary Index, 1736-1820 (newspaper abstracts) is available at FamilySearch. Images of the original index cards are browseable, arranged alphabetically by surname.


Voting

  • Chapman, Blanche Adams. Wills and Administrations of Elizabeth City County, Virginia, and Other Genealogical & Historical Items, 1610-1800. Smithfield, Va., 1941. Original edition available at FS Library; 1995 reprint at FS Library; digital version at Ancestry ($). Includes polls for elections, 1758, 1765.

Societies and Libraries

FamilySearch Centers

Websites

  • USGenWeb project. May have maps, name indexes, history or other information for this county. Select the state, then the county.
  • FamilySearch Catalog
  • Cyndi's List

References

  1. ↑ The Handybook for Genealogists: United States of America,10th ed. (Draper, UT:Everton Publishers, 2002).
  2. ↑ Lost Records Localities: Counties and Cities with Missing Records, 2, in Library of Virginia (accessed 4 April 2014).
  3. ↑ Robert Baylor Semple and George William Beale, A History of the Rise and Progress of the Baptists in Virginia (Pitt and Dickinson, 1894), 118-119. Online at FamilySearch Digital Library, Internet Archive.
  4. ↑ John Frederick Dorman, "Review of Cavaliers and Pioneers," in The Virginia Genealogist, Vol. 24, No. 3 (Jul.-Sep. 1980):221. Digital version at American Ancestors ($). FS Library Book 975.5 B2vg v. 24 (1980)
  5. ↑ Kenneth Scott, British Aliens in the United States During the War of 1812 (Baltimore, Md.: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1979), 320-333. FS Library Book 973 W4s; digital version at Ancestry ($).
  6. ↑ Stuart Lee Butler, A Guide to Virginia Militia Units in the War of 1812 (Athens, Ga.: Iberian Pub. Co., 1988), 76. FS Library Book 975.5 M2bs.
  7. ↑ Thomas P. Nanzig, 3rd Virginia Cavalry (Lynchburg, Va.: H.E. Howard, c1989). FS Library Book 975.5 M2vr v. 61.
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Migration
Routes
Routes: Chesapeake Bay • James River • Potomac River • Rappahannock River • York River • Chesapeake and Ohio Canal • Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad • Fall Line Road (or Southern Road) • Great Indian Warpath • Great Trading Path • Great Valley Road • Kanawha Trail • King's Highway • National Road (Cumberland Road) • New River and Southern Trail • Occaneechi Path • Old Cherokee Path • Old Northwestern Turnpike • Pamunkey-New River Trail • Pioneer Road • Richmond Road • Richmond-Williamsburg Road • Saura-Saponi Trail • Secondary Coast Road • Upper Road • Wilderness Road • Wilmington, Highpoint, and Northern Trail • Ports: Atlantic Coast Ports • Accomack • Alexandria • Belvoir Plantation • Bermuda Hundred • Dumfries • Falmouth • Fredericksburg • Hampton • Jamestown • Leedstown • Norfolk • Port Royal • Portsmouth • South Quay • Suffolk • Tappahannock (aka Hobb's Hole) • Urbanna • Williamsburg • Yorktown


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